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iren [92.7K]
3 years ago
12

An ideal gaseous reaction (which is a hypothetical gaseous reaction that conforms to the laws governing gas behavior) occurs at

a constant pressure of 50.0 atm and releases 73.2 kj of heat. before the reaction, the volume of the system was 7.60 l . after the reaction, the volume of the system was 2.00 l . calculate the total internal energy change, δe, in kilojoules. express your answer with the appropriate units.
Chemistry
1 answer:
pochemuha3 years ago
7 0

Total internal energy change is equals to -44.83kJ

Q=-73.2kJ (negative sign indicates that heat was released by the system),

P= 50.0atm

ΔU= Q + W, FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS..........(1)

ΔV= Final volume - initial volume= 2.00 litre - 7.60litre= -5.60litre

work done by the system (w)= -PΔV

w= -(50.0×(-5.60)) atm×litre=  280atm litre

1 atm litre= 101.325J

w= 280 ×101.325 J= 28,371J

1kJ=1000J,

w=28.37KJ,

so putting in the values in equation (1)...

energy change(ΔU) = -73.2 kJ + 28.37 kJ

= - 44.83 kJ

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A reaction has a rate constant of 1.15 x 10^−2 /s at 400K and 0.685 /s at 450K.
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b) The rate constant at 425 K = 0.1001 /s

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Rate constant k1 = 1.15 * 10^−2 /s  at 400K (= T1)

Rate constant k2 = 0.685 /s at 450K (=T2)

Step 2: Determine the activation barrier for the reaction.

To determine the activation energy we will use the two-point Arrhenius equation:

ln(k₂/k₁) =  (Ea/R)((1/T1) - (1/T2))

⇒ with Ea = the activating energy

 ⇒ with R = the gas constant = 8.314 J/mol* K

⇒ with k1  = rate constant 1 = 1.15 *10^-2 /s

⇒ with T1 = Temperature 1 = 400 K

⇒ with k2 = rate constant 2 = 0.685/s

⇒ with T2 = temperature 2 = 450 K

= - (Ea/R)(T₁ - T₂)/T₁T₂

Ea = (R*ln (k2/k1)) / ((1/T1)- (1/T2))

Ea = (8.314* ln(0.685/0.0115)) / ((1/400) - (1/450))

Ea = 122327.6 = 122.3 kJ/mol

B) What is the value of the rate constant at 425 K

For rate constant at 425 K.

Substitute the value of activation energy as 122327.6 J/mol, initial temperature as 400 K, final temperature as 425 K, rate constant at 400 K

1/T1   - 1/ T3   = 1/400   - 1 /425    = 1.47*10^-4

⇒ with T1 = the initial temperature = 400 K

⇒ with k1 = the rate constant at 400 K = 1.15 * 10^-2 /s

⇒ with T3 = the nex temperature = 425 K

⇒ with k3 = the rate constant at 425 K

ln(k3/k1) = Ea/R * ((1/T1)- (1/ T3))

⇒ with k3 = the rate constant at 425 K

⇒ with T3 = 425 K

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k3 = k1* e^(Ea/R * ((1/T1)- (1/ T3)))

k3 = 0.0115 * e^(122327.6/8.314 * (1.4710^-4))

k3 = 0.0115* e^2.1643

k3 = 0.1001 /s

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