Explanation:
Distinguish chemical substances from mixtures
Key Points
Matter can be broken down into two categories: pure substances and mixtures. Pure substances are further broken down into elements and compounds. Mixtures are physically combined structures that can be separated into their original components.
A chemical substance is composed of one type of atom or molecule.
A mixture is composed of different types of atoms or molecules that are not chemically bonded.
A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture of two or more chemical substances where the various components can be visually distinguished.
A homogeneous mixture is a type of mixture in which the composition is uniform and every part of the solution has the same properties.
Various separation techniques exist in order to separate matter, including include distillation, filtration, evaporation and chromatography. Matter can be in the same phase or in two different phases for this separation to take place.
Terms
substanceA form of matter that has constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. It is composed of one type of atom or molecule.
elementA chemical substance that is made up of a particular kind of atom and cannot be broken down or transformed by a chemical reaction.
mixtureSomething that consists of diverse, non-bonded elements or molecules.
Answer:
Explanation:
A single replacement or single displacement reaction is a reaction in which one substance replaces another.
A + BC → AC + B
The replacement of an ion in solution by a metal higher in the activity series is a special example of this reaction type.
The relative positions of the elements in the activity series provides the driving force for single displacement reactions.
A double replacement reaction is one in which there is an actual exchange of partners between reacting species. This reaction is more common between ionic substances;
AB + CD → AC + BD
Such reactions are usually driven by;
- formation of precipitation
- formation of water and a gaseous product
A solution with a pH of 6.52 has a hydronium ion concentration of 3.02x10-7 mol/L and a hydroxide ion concentration of 3.31x10-8 mol/L.
The hydronium ion concentration of a solution can be calculated from pH by using 
. For a pH of 6.52, hydronium ion concentration is 3.02x10-7 mol/L.
The concentration of hydroxide ions can be determined by identifying the value of pOH. The sum of pOH and pH is equal to 14, which is based on the negative logarithm of the ion-product constant of water. At a pH of 6.52, pOH is equal to 7.48.
The relationship between pOH and hydroxide ion concentration is the same as the relationship between pH and hydronium ion concentration. With this, the hydroxide ion concentration at pOH of 7.48 is 
or 3.31x10-8 mol/L.
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