These days, scientists all over the world use a standard system of measurements. It's the SI or metric system.
What about scientists in the United States, Liberia, and Burma ? These three countries are the only ones in the world that haven't adopted the metric system. What do THEY do ?Easy. When scientists in those countries are off work, they use the inches, yards, feet, quarts, miles and gallons that everybody around them is using. But when they go to work, they use the same metric system that everyone else in the world is using.
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IF THE FIRST ONE DOESN'T WORK TRY THE SECOND
1. They use the same measuring system (metric)2. Clearly and properly collect and record data, recording the procedure and results3. Releasing the data into the public, letting everyone have access to it
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The final temperature of the mixture in the coffee cup calorimeter is; 19.467 °C
According to the law of energy conservation:
As such; the heat transfer in the liquid water is equal to heat gained by the ice
Heat transfer by liquid water is therefore;
- DH = 6.02 kJ/mol) = 150 × 4.18 × (T1 - T2)
- 6020 J/mol = 627 × (20 - T2)
However, since 18g of water makes one mole
- 6020 J/mol = 6020/18 = 334.44 J/g.
T2 = 19.467°C
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The average atomic mass of element X is 10.025 amu
The average atomic mass of element X = atomic mass of 10 isotope × relative abundance of 10 isotope + atomic mass of 11 isotope × relative abundance of 11 isotope + atomic mass of 12 isotope × relative abundance of 12 isotope
= 10 × 98% + 11 × 1.5 % + 12 × 0.5 %
= 10 × 0.98 + 11 × 0.015 + 12 × 0.005
= 9.8 + 0.165 + 0.06
= 10.025 amu
So, the average atomic mass of element X is 10.025 amu
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The one on the left is pure because it is made out of one single material. The one on the right is a mixture because it is made out of multiple materials
We are going to use this equation:
ΔT = - i m Kf
when m is the molality of a solution
i = 2
and ΔT is the change in melting point = T2- 0 °C
and Kf is cryoscopic constant = 1.86C/m
now we need to calculate the molality so we have to get the moles of NaCl first:
moles of NaCl = mass / molar mass
= 3.5 g / 58.44
= 0.0599 moles
when the density of water = 1 g / mL and the volume =230 L
∴ the mass of water = 1 g * 230 mL = 230 g = 0.23Kg
now we can get the molality = moles NaCl / Kg water
=0.0599moles/0.23Kg
= 0.26 m
∴T2-0 = - 2 * 0.26 *1.86
∴T2 = -0.967 °C