Answer:
P = 17.28*10⁶ N
Explanation:
Given
L = 250 mm = 0.25 m
a = 0.54 m
b = 0.40 m
E = 95 GPa = 95*10⁹ Pa
σmax = 80 MPa = 80*10⁶ Pa
ΔL = 0.12%*L = 0.0012*0.25 m = 3*10⁻⁴ m
We get A as follows:
A = a*b = (0.54 m)*(0.40 m) = 0.216 m²
then, we apply the formula
ΔL = P*L/(A*E) ⇒ P = ΔL*A*E/L
⇒ P = (3*10⁻⁴ m)*(0.216 m²)*(95*10⁹ Pa)/(0.25 m)
⇒ P = 24624000 N = 24.624*10⁶ N
Now we can use the equation
σ = P/A
⇒ σ = (24624000 N)/(0.216 m²) = 114000000 Pa = 114 MPa > 80 MPa
So σ > σmax we use σmax
⇒ P = σmax*A = (80*10⁶ Pa)*(0.216 m²) = 17280000 N = 17.28*10⁶ N
I believe all of these would be known as specific phobias.
W boson has +1e or - 1e charge, Z boson has 0 charge.
Leptons have +1e, -1e or 0 charge.
Photons have 0 charge.
Only quarks have a charge of +2/3e or -1/3e of an electron charge.
To be exact, only up-type quarks (Up, Down and Top quarks) have a +2/3e or two thirds of an electron charge.
So the correct answer is D) Quark.
Under the influence of gravity, objects just move down to the earth.
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