A car starts from rest at a stop sign. It accelerates at 2.0 m/s2 for 6.7 seconds, coasts for 2.8 s , and then slows down at a r
ate of 1.5m/s2 for the next stop sign. PART A : How far apart are the stop signs? (Please explain how you got the answer too, thanks:))
1 answer:
Answer:
18.43m
Explanation:
At the initial stage, the car accelerates at 2.0 m/s² for 6.7 seconds, to get the velocity of the car at this point, we will use the equation of motion;
v = u + at
v = 0+(2.0)(6.7)
v = 13.4m/s
The velocity of the car during this time is 13.4m/s.
Also, if the car slows down at a rate of 1.5m/s², we can also calculate the time it took for the car to decelerate (check the attachment for diagram).
v = u+at
v = 0
u = 13.4m/s
a = -1.5m/s² (deceleration is negative acceleration)
0 = 13.4+-1,5t
-13.4 = -1.5t
t = 13.4/1.5
t = 8.93s
Hence it took the car 8.93s to slow down for the next stop sign.
To calculate how far apart the stop signs are, we need to calculate the total distance AD according to the diagram
Distance covered = AD = 18.43m
HENCE THE STOP SIGNS ARE 18.43m apart
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Torque can cause the angular momentum vector to rotate in UCM. This motion is called _Conservation of Angular momentum__________.
Answer:
Conservation of Angular momentum
Explanation:
The motion of an object in a circular path at constant speed is known as uniform circular motion (UCM). An object in UCM is constantly changing direction, and since velocity is a vector and has direction, you could say that an object undergoing UCM has a constantly changing velocity, even if its speed remains constant.
The law of conservation of angular momentum states that when no external torque acts on an object, no change of angular momentum will occur.
Key Points
When an object is spinning in a closed system and no external torques are applied to it, it will have no change in angular momentum.
The conservation of angular momentum explains the angular acceleration of an ice skater as she brings her arms and legs close to the vertical axis of rotation.
If the net torque is zero, then angular momentum is constant or conserved.
Angular Momentum
The conserved quantity we are investigating is called angular momentum. The symbol for angular momentum is the letter L. Just as linear momentum is conserved when there is no net external forces, angular momentum is constant or conserved when the net torque is zero. We can see this by considering Newton’s 2nd law for rotational motion:
τ→=dL→dt, where
τ is the torque. For the situation in which the net torque is zero,
dL→dt=0.
If the change in angular momentum ΔL is zero, then the angular momentum is constant; therefore,
⇒
L =constant
L=constant (when net τ=0).
This is an expression for the law of conservation of angular momentum.
Example and Implications
An example of conservation of angular momentum is seen in an ice skater executing a spin, The net torque on her is very close to zero,
because (1) there is relatively little friction between her skates and the ice, and (2) the friction is exerted very close to the pivot point.
Conservation of angular momentum is one of the key conservation laws in physics, along with the conservation laws for energy and (linear) momentum. These laws are applicable even in microscopic domains where quantum mechanics governs; they exist due to inherent symmetries present in nature.
