Question

A solution is a homogenous mixture of solute and solvent. There are different types of solutions. A carbonated drink is an example of a solution where the solute is a gas and the solvent is a liquid. Sugar crystals dissolved in water is an example of a solution where the solute is a solid and the solvent is liquid. Acetic acid is miscible in water, forming a solution commonly known as vinegar. In this case, both the solute and the solvent are liquids. The solubility of solute in a solvent depends on various parameters, such as temperature, pressure, the nature of the solute, and the nature of the solvent. Considering these parameters, identify the statements that are correct for the solubility of a solute in a solvent.

Answer 1

Answer:

• A.) Gases are readily soluble in water at higher temperatures: FALSE

• B.) Carbon dioxide gas will be less soluble in water when the partial pressure is low: TRUE

• C.) Zinc sulfate is soluble in water: TRUE

• D.) Propanol and heptane are miscible: FALSE

• E.) Table salt dissolves in water to form a solution: TRUE

Explanation:

The answer choices are:

• A.) Gases are readily soluble in water at higher temperatures.
• B.) Carbon dioxide gas will be less soluble in water when the partial pressure is low.
• C.) Zinc sulfate is soluble in water.
• D.) Propanol and heptane are miscible.
• E.) Table salt dissolves in water to form a solution.

Solution

Let's see every statement

A.) Gases are readily soluble in water at higher temperatures.

This is false. At higher temperature, the gas molecules will have higher kinetic energy, meaning that they will move faster and escape more easily from the liquid phase. Thus, gases are less soluble at higher temperatures.

B.) Carbon dioxide gas will be less soluble in water when the partial pressure is low.

This is TRUE.

HIgher pressures "push" the gas molecules into the liquid phase. When more molecules get dissolved the pressure is partially relieved.

This relation is stated by Henry's Law: the solubility of gases in liquids is directly proportional to the pressure of the gases above the surface of the solution. Thus, carbon dioxide will me less soluble in water when the pressure is low.

C.) Zinc sulfate is soluble in water.

This is TRUE.

You must resort to the rules of solubility or search the properties of this salt.

Th solubility rules state that most sulfates are soluble in water. Exceptions are sulfates of Ag⁺,Ca²⁺, Sr²⁺, Ba²⁺, Hg²⁺, and Pb²⁺. Thus, you can expect that zinc sulfate is soluble in water.

D.) Propanol and heptane are miscible.

This is false.

Propanol is a polar compound. It is miscible with water because water is polar too. Heptane is not polar. Thus, following the rule that "like dissolves like" propanol and heptane are not miscible.

E.) Table salt dissolves in water to form a solution.

This is TRUE.

This is a classical example of an ionic compound (sodium chloride) that is soluble in water (a polar solvent), showing the rule that polar solvents dissolve polar and ionic compounds.

It is also an everyday fact: rice, for instance, absorbs salt from water because the salt is dissolved in the water.