Newton’s 2nd law states that Force is equal to
the product of mass (m) and acceleration (a):
F = m a --->
1
While in magnetic forces, force can also be expressed as:
F = q v B --->
2
where,
q = total charge
v = velocity = 45 cm / s = 0.45 m / s
B = the magnetic field = 85 T
First we solve for the total charge, q:
q = 3.8 × 10^-23 g (1 mol / 23 g) (6.022 × 10^23 electrons / mol) (1.602 ×
10^-19 C / electron)
q = 1.594 × 10^-19 C
We equate equations 1 and 2 then solve for acceleration a:
m a = q v B
a = q v B / m
a = [1.594 × 10^-19 C * 0.45 m / s * 85 T] / 3.8 × 10-26 kg
a = 160,437,862.2 m/s^2
Therefore the maximum acceleration of Na ions is about 160 × 10^6 m/s^2.
Answer:
Chemical energy to electrical energy
Explanation:
In nature, there are several types of energy.
In this example (a flashlight being turned on), we have a conversion of energy from chemical energy to electrical energy. In fact:
- Chemical energy is the energy stored in the chemical bonds of the molecules of the substances used inside the battery. When the chemical reaction inside the battery occurs, this energy is liberated, and it is used to "push" the electrons along the circuit connected to the battery
- Electric energy is the energy associated to the motion of the electrons along the circuit of the flashlight; it is the energy associated to an electric current.
Moreover, in the flashlight the electric energy is then converted into two more types of energy: light energy (since the bulb in the flashlight produces light) and heat energy (because the flashlight also produces heat, so thermal energy).
The electric output of the plant is 48.19 MW
First we need to calculate the water power, it is given by the formula
WP=ρQgh
Here, ρ=1000 kg/m3 is density of water,Q is the flow rate, g is the gravity, and h is the water head
Therefore, WP=1000*65*9.81*90=57388500 W=57.38 MW
Now the overall efficiency of the hydroelectric power plant is given as
η=
Plugging the values in the above equation
0.84=EP/57.38
EP=48.19 MW
Therefore, the electric output of the plant is 48.19 MW.
