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Tcecarenko [31]
3 years ago
10

Find the energy (in eV) of a ground state electron in a He II (He + ) atom. (b.) Find the amount of energy (in eV) needed to ion

ize the ground state electron of part (a). (c.) For which ionization state(s) of Carbon could you calculate (principle) quantum energy levels for given the formula for E n presented in class
Physics
1 answer:
alexdok [17]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

a)  -54.42 eV

b)  C VI (C +++++)

Explanation:

Hi!

I imagine that the formula given in class is the energy of the hydorgen like atoms, which is:

E_{n}=-\frac{\text{$\mu $e}^4 Z^2}{32 \pi ^2 n^2 \epsilon _0^2 \hbar }

Where all are physical constants, such as vacuum permitivity ε0, planck's constant (reduced) h bar, electron's charge e, the atomic number Z, and the reduced mass μ.

The reduced mass is given by the formula:

\frac{1}{\frac{1}{m_{\text{electron}}}+\frac{1}{m_{\text{nucleous}}}}

In general the electron's mass is much smaller than the nucleous mass therefore the reduced mass is almost equal to the electron's mass.

If we replace all these constants the energy will become:

E_{n}=-\frac{Z^{2}13.6 eV}{n^{2} }

For He --> Z = 2, therefore:

E_{n}=-\frac{54.42 eV}{n^{2} }

And the ground state is given  when n=1

a)

E = -54.42 eV

b)

This formula applies only to hydorgen like atoms, that is whit only one electron, therefore if an element were to have Z electrons, the formula will only apply to that element ionized Z-1 times.

For C Z=6

We could only calculate the quantum energy levels with the given formula for C VI (C +++++)

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alukav5142 [94]

Answer:

F_g = 372.78 N

Explanation:

Formula for force of gravity is;

F_g = mg

Where;

m is mass

g is acceleration due to gravity

We are given;

Mass = 38 kg

Acceleration due to gravity has a constant value of 9.81 m/s²

Thus;

F_g = 38 × 9.81

F_g = 372.78 N

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3.7. A dog searching for a bone walks 3.50 m south, then 8.20 m at an angle 23.1 degrees north of east, and finally 15.0 m west.
andriy [413]

Answer:

Explanation:

We shall represent displacement of dog in vector form , in terms of i , j , i representing east  and  j representing north .

Dog travels 3.5 m south .

Displacement D₁ = - 3.5 j

then dog travels 8.2 m , 23.1 degree north of east

Displacement D₂ = 8.2 cos23.1 i + 8.2 sin23 j

D₂ = 8.2 cos23.1 i + 8.2 sin23.1  j

= 7.54 i + 3.22 j  

Third displacement

D₃ = - 15i

Total displacement = D₁ + D₂ + D₃

= - 3.5 j + 7.54 i + 3.22 j  -15i

= - 7.46 i - 0.28 j

Magnitude of displacement = √ ( 7.46² + .28²)

= √(55.65 + .08 )

= 7.46 m

b ) Direction of displacement

If Ф be angle , displacement makes with west direction

TanФ =  .08 / 55.65 = .00143

Ф = .082 degree south of west or almost west .

From east , this angle = 180 + .082 = 180.082 , counterclockwise .

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Firemen are shooting a stream of water at a burning building. A high-pressure hose shoots out the water with a speed of 26.0 m/s
alekssr [168]

Answer:

a) θ = 58.3º

b) vfh = 13.7 m/s

c) g = -9.8 m/s2

d) h = 22.2 m

e) vfb = 15.5 m/s

Explanation:

a)

  • Assuming that gravity is the only influence that causes an acceleration to the water, due to it is always downward, since both directions are independent each other, in the horizontal direction, the water moves at a constant speed.
  • Since the velocity vector has a magnitude of 26.0 m/s, we can find its horizontal component as follows:
  • vₓ₀ = v * cos θ (1)
  • where θ is the angle between the water and the horizontal axis (which we define as the x-axis, being positive to the right).
  • Applying the definition of average velocity, taking the end of the hose like the origin, and making t₀ = 0, we can write the following expression:

        x_{f} = v_{ox} * t = v_{o} * cos \theta * t  (2)

  • Replacing by the givens of xf = 41.0m, t = 3.00 s, and v=26.0 m/s, we can solve for the angle of elevation θ, as follows:

        cos \theta = \frac{x_{f} }{v*t} = \frac{41.0m}{26.0m/s*3.00s} = 0.526 (3)

  • ⇒θ = cos⁻¹ (0.526) = 58.3º (4)

b)

  • At the highest point in its trajectory, just before starting to fall, the vertical component of the velocity is just zero.
  • Since the horizontal component keeps constant during all the journey, we can conclude that the speed at this point is just v₀ₓ, that we can find easily from (1) replacing by the values of v and cos θ, as follows:
  • vₓ₀ = v * cos θ = 26.0 m/s * 0.526 = 13.7 m/s. (5)

c)

  • At any point in the trajectory, the only acceleration present is due to the action of gravity, which accepted value is -9.8 m/s2 (taking the upward direction on the vertical y-axis as positive)

d)

  • Since we know the time when the water strikes the building, it will be the same for the vertical movement, so, we can use the kinematic equation for vertical displacement, as follows:

       \Delta y = v_{oy} * t - \frac{1}{2} *g*t^{2} (6)

  • Our only unknown remains v₀y, which can be obtained in the same way than the horizontal component:
  • v₀y = v * sin θ = 26.0 m/s * 0.85 = 22.1 m/s (7)
  • Replacing (7) in (6), we get:

       \Delta y = 22.1 m/s* 3.0s - \frac{1}{2} *9.8m/s2*(3.00s)^{2} = 22.2 m (8)

e)

  • When the water hits the building the velocity vector, has two components, the horizontal vₓ and the vertical vy.
  • The horizontal component, since it keeps constant, is just v₀x:
  • v₀ₓ = 13.7 m/s
  • The vertical component can be found applying the definition of acceleration (g in this case), solving for the final velocity, as follows:

       v_{fy} = v_{oy} - g*t  (9)

  • Replacing by the time t (a given), g, and  v₀y from (7), we can solve (9) as follows:

       v_{fy} = 22.1 m/s - 9.8m/s2*3.00s = -7.3 m/s  (10)

  • Since we know the values of both components (perpendicular each other), we can find the magnitude of the velocity vector (the speed, i.e. how fast is it moving), applying the Pythagorean Theorem to v₀ₓ and v₀y, as follows:

       v_{f} = \sqrt{(13.7m/s)^{2} +(-7.3m/s)^{2}} = 15.5 m/s (11)

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