2500
--------=3125
0.8
This can be can be viewed as compression due to the direction of the arrows.
Given data
*The given 4th harmonic frequency is 31.5 Hz
The fundamental frequency is calculated as

Hence, the fundamental frequency is 7.875 Hz
It depends on "Potential Energy", the amount energy it could have, the amount depending on certain circumstances, like height or force. This was how traditional and some modern rollercoasters work. As the "conveyer belt" pulls you up, the higher you go, the more potential energy you have. Once you are falling down the hill, you are experiencing "Kinetic Energy". Hope it makes sence.