B. the contraction and relaxation of the brain
<h2>
</h2>
<u>Gene flow — also called migration — is any movement of individuals, and/or the genetic material they carry, from one population to another. Gene flow includes lots of different kinds of events, such as pollen being blown to a new destination or people moving to new cities or countries.</u>
P stands for: c. the dominant allele
q therefore stands for the recessive allele. The frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype (i.e. gene T is TT), so p×p, which = p^2
The frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype tt is q×q, which = q^2. To find the heterozygous frequency Tt, we must consider that (p+1)=1, since these are the only 2 alleles. And if we square those terms, that's how we determine the frequencies. (p+q)^2 = 1^2
--> p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1, so the middle term (2pq) is our heterozygous frequency.
There are 2 types of photoreceptors rods and cones they react to light in different ways.
Rods-
Respond to low levels of light and are primary responsible for night vision.
They are poor at detecting fine details in an image and are not involved in colour vision.
Cones-
Respond to high levels of light and are primary responsible for our vision in well-lit conditions.
They detect fine details and are responsible for colour vision.
The breakdown of fat produces: b. more than twice the amount of energy than the breakdown of carbohydrates.
Biological macromolecules can be defined as a very large molecule (structure) that comprises of covalently bonded organic atoms and smaller molecular structures (monomers).
Biological macromolecules are organized into four (4) main categories and these includes;
I. Nucleic acid: it comprises of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) which are the genetic codes (blueprints) for living organisms.
II. Carbohydrates: it is contained in energy-giving foods and it aids the functioning of the muscles, nervous system and other organs found in the body.
III. Proteins: it contains amino acids and it is responsible for maintaining the functioning of the body system.
IV. Lipids: these categories of biological molecules is mainly made up of fats and it is responsible for providing the body with long-term energy.
In Biology, lipolysis is a process which typically involves the breakdown of fat into glycerol and fatty acids, so as to produce the energy required by a living organism. Thus, the fatty acid that are produced during these process are released into the bloodstream of the living organism and transported to the tissue that uses the energy.
Generally, the breakdown of fat produces more than twice the amount of energy than the breakdown of carbohydrates because it provides long-term energy that is required by the body of living organisms to function properly.
