Which of the slightly soluble salts below will be more soluble in acidic solution than in pure water?
1 answer:
Answer:
h. both Mg(OH)₂ and CaCO₃
Explanation:
Let's consider the solution of Mg(OH)₂ according to the following equation:
Mg(OH)₂(s) ⇄ Mg²⁺(aq) + 2 OH⁻(aq)
In acidic solution, OH⁻ reacts with H⁺ to form H₂O.
OH⁻(aq) + H⁺(aq) ⇄ H₂O(l)
According to Le Chatelier's principle, since [OH⁻] decreases, the solution of Mg(OH)₂(s) shifts toward the right, increasing its solubility.
Let's consider the solution of CaCO₃ according to the following equation:
CaCO₃(s) ⇄ Ca²⁺(aq) + CO₃²⁻(aq)
In acidic solution, CO₃²⁻ reacts with H⁺ to form HCO₃⁻.
CO₃²⁻(aq) + H⁺(aq) ⇄ HCO₃⁻(aq)
According to Le Chatelier's principle, since [CO₃²⁻] decreases, the solution of CaCO₃(s) shifts toward the right, increasing its solubility.
Let's consider the solution of AgCl according to the following equation:
AgCl(s) ⇄ Ag⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq)
Cl⁻ does not react with H⁺ because it comes from a strong acid (HCl). Therefore, the solubility of AgCl(s) is not affected by the pH.
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Answer: d. has high activation energy
Activation energy is the energy that a system requires to start a certain process. Also, it <u>is the minimum energy necessary for a given chemical reaction to occur</u>. For a reaction to occur between two molecules, they must collide in the correct orientation and have a minimum amount of energy equal to the activation energy.
As the molecules approach, their electron clouds repel, so energy is required for the collision to occur and therefore the reaction. The activation energy comes from the heat of the system, that is, the translational, vibrational energy, etc. of each molecule. However, if this energy is not enough, the reaction will not be spontaneous.
<u>A reaction between two molecules can be favored by supplying energy to the system.</u> In the case raised in the question, <u>energy equal to 1104 kJ is provided to the system to favor the next reaction </u>
CO2 (g) + 2SO2 (g) → CS2 (g) + 3O2 (g)
<u>Since the energy equal to 1104 kJ is included in the reactants, it can be deduced that it is the energy that is provided to the system for the reaction to occur. </u>However, from the value of this energy it can not be said whether the system is endothermic or exothermic since it is a kinetic variable and the variables of this type do not allow predicting the thermodynamic behavior of a system.
Furthermore, it can be seen that the value of this energy is considerably high, therefore the reaction described has a high activation energy.
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<h2>Answer: 13985.4 g</h2>
Explanation:
Mass = volume × density
Mass = 652 cm³ × 21.45 g/cm³
= 13985.4 g
Explanation:
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