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3 years ago

Which of the slightly soluble salts below will be more soluble in acidic solution than in pure water?

Chemistry

1 answer:

AlexFokin [52]3 years ago

6 0

Answer:

h. both Mg(OH)₂ and CaCO₃

Explanation:

Let's consider the solution of Mg(OH)₂ according to the following equation:

Mg(OH)₂(s) ⇄ Mg²⁺(aq) + 2 OH⁻(aq)

In acidic solution, OH⁻ reacts with H⁺ to form H₂O.

OH⁻(aq) + H⁺(aq) ⇄ H₂O(l)

According to Le Chatelier's principle, since [OH⁻] decreases, the solution of Mg(OH)₂(s) shifts toward the right, increasing its solubility.

Let's consider the solution of CaCO₃ according to the following equation:

CaCO₃(s) ⇄ Ca²⁺(aq) + CO₃²⁻(aq)

In acidic solution, CO₃²⁻ reacts with H⁺ to form HCO₃⁻.

CO₃²⁻(aq) + H⁺(aq) ⇄ HCO₃⁻(aq)

According to Le Chatelier's principle, since [CO₃²⁻] decreases, the solution of CaCO₃(s) shifts toward the right, increasing its solubility.

Let's consider the solution of AgCl according to the following equation:

AgCl(s) ⇄ Ag⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq)

Cl⁻ does not react with H⁺ because it comes from a strong acid (HCl). Therefore, the solubility of AgCl(s) is not affected by the pH.

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Use bond energies to calculate the enthalpy of reaction for the combustion of ethane. Average bond energies in kJ/mol C-C 347, C

ivanzaharov [21]

The enthalpy of reaction for the combustion of ethane 2CH₃CH₃ + 7O₂ → 4CO₂ + 6H₂O calculated from the average bond energies of the compounds is -2860 kJ/mol.

The reaction is:

2CH₃CH₃ + 7O₂ → 4CO₂ + 6H₂O (1)

The enthalpy of reaction (1) is given by:

$\Delta H = \Delta H_{r} - \Delta H_{p}$ (2)

Where:

r: is for reactants

p: is for products

The bonds of the compounds of reaction (1) are:

2CH₃CH₃: 2 moles of 6 C-H bonds + 2 moles of 1 C-C bond

7O₂: 7 moles of 1 O=O bond

4CO₂: 4 moles of 2 C=O bonds

6H₂O: 6 moles of 2 H-O bonds

Hence, the enthalpy of reaction (1) is (eq 2):

$\Delta H = \Delta H_{r} - \Delta H_{p}$

$\Delta H = 2*\Delta H_{CH_{3}CH_{3}} + 7\Delta H_{O_{2}} - (4*\Delta H_{CO_{2}} + 6*\Delta H_{H_{2}O})$

$\Delta H = 2*(6*\Delta H_{C-H} + \Delta H_{C-C}) + 7\Delta H_{O=O} - (4*2*\Delta H_{C=O} + 6*2*\Delta H_{H-O})$

$\Delta H = [2*(6*413 + 347) + 7*498 - (4*2*799 + 6*2*467)] kJ/mol$

$\Delta H = -2860 kJ/mol$

Therefore, the enthalpy of reaction for the combustion of ethane is -2860 kJ/mol.

I hope it helps you!

7 0

3 years ago

What happens to the electrons in an ionic bond and a covalent bond?

irina1246 [14]

Answer:

In ionic bonding, atoms transfer electrons to each other. Ionic bonds require at least one electron donor and one electron acceptor. In contrast, atoms with the same electronegativity share electrons in covalent bonds, because neither atom preferentially attracts or repels the shared electrons.

3 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

What is the balanced equation for the combustion of magnesium?

Lostsunrise [7]

Answer:

2Mg + O2 → 2MgO

Explanation:

In all conbustion you should know, that reactans are an specific compound and O2, so the products must be CO2 and H2O, or in this case, the corresponding oxide.

6 0

3 years ago

A horizontal cylinder equipped with a frictionless piston contains 785 cm3 of steam at 400 K and 125 kPa pressure. A total of 83

guapka [62]

Answer:

a. 478.69 K

b. 939.43 $cm^{3}$