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kati45 [8]
3 years ago
12

How does the nucleus of an atom change when it emits an alpha or beta particle?

Physics
1 answer:
maria [59]3 years ago
5 0
First of all, an alpha particle consists of two protons and two neutrons (similar to a Helium atom). When an atom emits an alpha particle, its nucleus loses two protons and two neutrons. And its total mass decreases by 4 atomic mass units.(As mass of a proton or a neutron is 1 amu)

There are two kinds of beta emissions (or particles) positron or electron. 

When an atom emits a { \beta  }^{ + } (positron) particle, actually one if its protons releases the particle. Since a positron's charge is positive, when the atom releases a positron it loses its positive charge and turns into a neutron.

When an atom emits a { \beta  }^{ - } (electron) particle, one of its neutrons releases a { \beta  }^{ - } (electron). And since an electron's charge is negative (-) the neutron loses its negative charge (since neutron's electrical charge is neutral) and turns into a proton.

This is simply explained ^ 

There are some other details but this should be enough :)
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3. Maverick and Goose are flying a training mission in their F-14. They are
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Answer:

A. The bomb will take <em>17.5 seconds </em>to hit the ground

B. The bomb will land <em>12040 meters </em>on the ground ahead from where they released it

Explanation:

Maverick and Goose are flying at an initial height of y_0=1500m, and their speed is v=688 m/s

When they release the bomb, it will initially have the same height and speed as the plane. Then it will describe a free fall horizontal movement

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y=y_0 - \frac{gt^2}{2}    [1]

With g equal to the acceleration of gravity of our planet and t the time measured with respect to the moment the bomb was released

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x = v.t     [2]

Since the bomb won't have any friction, its horizontal component of the speed won't change. We need to find t from the equation [1] and replace it in equation [2]:

Setting y=0 and isolating t we get

t=\sqrt{\frac{2y_0}{g}}

Since we have y_0=1500m

t=\sqrt{\frac{2(1500)}{9.8}}

t=17.5 sec

Replacing in [2]

x = 688\ m/sec \ (17.5sec)

x = 12040\ m

A. The bomb will take 17.5 seconds to hit the ground

B. The bomb will land 12040 meters on the ground ahead from where they released it

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