Answer:
Explanation:
(a) Part 1: 
reaction. This is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which we have two steps. Firstly, chlorine, a good leaving group, leaves the carbon skeleton to form a relatively stable secondary carbocation. This carbocation is then attacked by the hydroxide anion, our nucleophile, to form the final product.
To summarize, this mechanism takes places in two separate steps. The mechanism is attached below.
Part 2: 
reaction. This is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which we have one step. Our nucleophile, hydroxide, attacks the carbon and then chlorine leaves simultaneously without an intermediate carbocation being formed.
The mechanism is attached as well.
(b) The rate determining step is the slow step. Formation of the carbocation has the greatest activation energy, so this is our rate determining step for . For , we only have one step, so the rate determining step is the attack of the nucleophile and the loss of the leaving group.
Answer:
Glycogen. Cellulose. Amylose. Cellulose. Amylopetin and Glycogen. Amylopetin and Cellulose.
Explanation:
Glycogen is the form that glucose is stored in human body.
Cellulose is the structural part of plant cell walls and human cannot digest it.
Amylose is the polysaccharide linked mainly by the the bonds of 
1,4 glycosidic.
Cellulose is an unbranched polysaccharide linked mainly by the bonds of 
1,4 glycosidic.
Amylopetin and Glycogen are branched polysaccharides linked by the bonds of 1,4 glycosidic and 1,6 glycosidic.
Amylopetin and Cellulose are mainly stored in plants.
Answer:
3. crystal habit and cleavage.
Explanation:
Crystal habit is a distinctive characteristic which is shown in its general shape, crystallographic forms, how developed each form is.
Cleavage is the ability of a mineral to break in smooth planes parallel to zones of weak bonding. Cleavage in three directions at right angles (90o). Cubic cleavage. Cleavage in three directions not at right angles (120o and 60o).
The statement that the friend made is not true. most of the mass of the plant is from carbon. the carbon comes from carbon dioxide which is used during photosynthesis. the left over carbon from photosynthesis is used to to help the plant gain mass. there is a process for this which is called cellular respiration
