Answer:
The distance from the radio station is 0.28 light years away.
Solution:
As per the question:
Distance, d = 4 ly
Frequency of the radio station, f = 854 kHz = 
Power, P = 50 kW = 

Now,
From the relation:
P = nhf
where
n = no. of photons/second
h = Planck's constant
f = frequency
Now,

Area of the sphere, A = 
Now,
Suppose the distance from the radio station be 'r' from where the intensity of the photon is 



Now,
We know that:
1 ly = 
Thus

The reaction time of Boris is t(r), so before that, Boris will not have jumped. Thus, H(b)(t) = 0
The vertical displacement will simply be
D(t) = H(a)(t)
The resistance of the sample is 
Explanation:
The relationship between resistance of a material and temperature is given by the equation

where
is the resistance at the temperature 
is the temperature coefficient of resistance
For the sample of nickel in this problem, we have:
when the temperature is 
While the temperature coefficient of resistance of nickel is

Therefore, the resistance of the sample when its temperature is

is

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They need more oxygen to function, so gas exchange needs to increase
Answer:
<em>-z axis</em>
Explanation:
According to the left hand rule for an electron in a magnetic field, hold the thumb of the left hand at a right angle to the rest of the fingers, and the rest of the fingers parallel to one another. If the thumb represents the motion of the electron, and the other fingers represent the direction of the field, then the palm will push in the direction of the force on the electron. In this case, the left hand will be held out with the thumb pointing to the right (+x axis), and the palm facing your body (-y axis). The magnetic field indicated by the other fingers will point down in the the -z axis.