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3 years ago

What is the oxidation number of cl− in the perchlorate ion

Chemistry

1 answer:

Yuri [45]3 years ago

5 0

Answer:

The answer is: +7

Explanation:

Oxidation state or oxidation number of an element is the hypothetical charge on an element that forms completely ionic bonds. The oxidation number represents the number of electrons lost or gained by that element.

Perchlorate ion is a molecule with a chemical formula: ClO₄⁻

The oxidation state of oxygen in ClO₄⁻ = -2,

the total charge on the ClO₄⁻ molecule = -1,

let the oxidation state of chlorine be x

As the sum of oxidation states of all elements in a molecule is equal to the total charge on the molecule.

⇒ oxidation state of chlorine + oxidation state of oxygen × 4 = total charge on the molecule

⇒ x + (-2) × 4 = -1

⇒ x + (-8) = -1

⇒ x = -1 + 8 = +7

⇒ x = +7

Therefore, the oxidation state of chlorine in the perchlorate ion (ClO₄⁻): x = +7

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A wooden artifact from an ancient tomb contains 60% of the carbon-14 that is present in living trees. How long ago was the artif

noname [10]

Answer:

The age of the sample is 4224 years.

Explanation:

Let the age of the sample be t years old.

Initial mass percentage of carbon-14 in an artifact = 100%

Initial mass of carbon-14 in an artifact = $[A_o]$

Final mass percentage of carbon-14 in an artifact t years = 60%

Final mass of carbon-14 in an artifact = $[A]=0.06[A_o]$

Half life of the carbon-14 = $t_{1/2}=5730 years$

$k=\frac{0.693}{t_{1/2}}$

$[A]=[A_o]\times e^{-kt}$

$[A]=[A_o]\times e^{-\frac{0.693}{t_{1/2}}\times t}$

$0.60[A_o]=[A_o]\times e^{-\frac{0.693}{5730 year}\times t}$

Solving for t:

t = 4223.71 years ≈ 4224 years

The age of the sample is 4224 years.

8 0

3 years ago

The valences of metal x,y and z are 1,2 and 3 respectively. What are the formulae of their;a) hydroxides, b) sulphates, c) hydro

Rina8888 [55]

Answer:

See answer below

Explanation:

AS we know that the valence for those metals X, Y, and Z are 1, 2 and 3, we can determine the formula of each compound.

1. Hydroxides.

An hydroxide is formed when an oxyde of a metal reacts with water. When this happens, the general molecular formula is:

Meₐ(OH)ₙ

Where:

a: valence or charge of the hydroxide (Which is -1)

n: valence of the metal.

Following this, the formula for X, Y and Z would be:

XOH

Y(OH)₂

Z(OH)₃

2. Sulphates

Sulphates follow a similar rule of hydroxide in the general molecular formula, but instead of having a charge of -1, it has a charge of -2 so:

Mₐ(SO₄)ₙ

So, following the rule:

X₂SO₄

Y₂(SO₄)₂ ------> YSO₄

Z₂(SO₄)₃

3. Hydrogens

Following the same rule as the previous, hydrogens works with a charge of -1, so:

MₐHₙ

Then:

YH₂

ZH₃

4. Carbonates.

This follows the same rule as sulphates, with the same charge so:

Mₐ(CO₃)ₙ

Then:

X₂CO₃

YCO₃

Z₂(CO₃)₃

5. Nitrates

Follow the same rule as the hydroxides, with the same charge of -1.

Mₐ(NO₃)ₙ

Then:

XNO₃

Y(NO₃)₂

Z(NO₃)₂

6. Phosphates

In the case of phosphates, these have a charge of -3 so:

Mₐ(PO₄)ₙ

Then:

X₃PO₄

Y₃(PO₄)₂

Z₃(PO₄)₃ ----> ZPO₄

Hope this helps

6 0

2 years ago

Based on the activity series, which metals could X represent in the reaction below? (Note: The equation is not balanced.)

Nikitich [7]

Answer is: A) Sr (strontium).
The reactivity series is a series of metals from highest to lowest reactivity. Metal higher in the reactivity series will displace another.
Strontium is only higher in this group from magnesium. Strontium is stronger reducing agent than magnesium, gives electrons easier.

3 0

3 years ago

Which of the following represents the smallest mass? I.) 23 cg II.) 2.3 x 10-3 μg III.) 0.23 mg IV.) 0.23 g V.) 2.3 x 10-2 kg

jenyasd209 [6]

The smallest mass among the choices is Choice (ii):2.3 x 10-3 μg

This is so because, the prefix μ signifies a factor of 10^-6.

For choice I:

23 cg means 23 centigrams

In essence = 0.23grams

For choice II:

2.3 × 10-3 μg means 2.3 × 10-9 grams

For choice III:

0.23 mg means 0.23 × 10-3 grams

For choice IV:

0.23 grams simply means 0.23grams

For choice V:

2.3 × 10-2 kg means 23 grams

Ultimately, Choice II represents the smallest mass.