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3 years ago

What is the oxidation number of cl− in the perchlorate ion

Chemistry

1 answer:

Yuri [45]3 years ago

5 0

Answer:

The answer is: +7

Explanation:

Oxidation state or oxidation number of an element is the hypothetical charge on an element that forms completely ionic bonds. The oxidation number represents the number of electrons lost or gained by that element.

Perchlorate ion is a molecule with a chemical formula: ClO₄⁻

The oxidation state of oxygen in ClO₄⁻ = -2,

the total charge on the ClO₄⁻ molecule = -1,

let the oxidation state of chlorine be x

As the sum of oxidation states of all elements in a molecule is equal to the total charge on the molecule.

⇒ oxidation state of chlorine + oxidation state of oxygen × 4 = total charge on the molecule

⇒ x + (-2) × 4 = -1

⇒ x + (-8) = -1

⇒ x = -1 + 8 = +7

⇒ x = +7

Therefore, the oxidation state of chlorine in the perchlorate ion (ClO₄⁻): x = +7

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What is the mass percent of oxygen in sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)?

Alenkasestr [34]

The answer is 57.14%.

First we need to calculate molar mass of NaHCO3. Molar mass is mass of 1 mole of a substance. It is the sum of relative atomic masses, which are masses of atoms of the elements.

Relative atomic mass of Na is 22.99 g
Relative atomic mass of H is 1 g
Relative atomic mass of C is 12.01 g
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Molar mass of NaHCO3 is:
22.99 g + 1 g + 12.01 g + 3 · 16 g = 84 g

Now, mass of oxygen in NaHCO3 is:
3 · 16 g = 48 g

mass percent of oxygen in NaHCO3:
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