Inertia I think because I've heard it around school and in science
Answer:
a) 
b) the motorcycle travels 155 m
Explanation:
Let
, then consider the equation of motion for the motorcycle (accelerated) and for the car (non accelerated):

where:
is the speed of the motorcycle at time 2
is the velocity of the car (constant)
is the velocity of the car and the motorcycle at time 1
d is the distance between the car and the motorcycle at time 1
x is the distance traveled by the car between time 1 and time 2
Solving the system of equations:
![\left[\begin{array}{cc}car&motorcycle\\x=v_0\Delta{t}&x+d=(\frac{v_0+v_{m2}}{2}}) \Delta{t}\end{array}\right]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cleft%5B%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bcc%7Dcar%26motorcycle%5C%5Cx%3Dv_0%5CDelta%7Bt%7D%26x%2Bd%3D%28%5Cfrac%7Bv_0%2Bv_%7Bm2%7D%7D%7B2%7D%7D%29%20%5CDelta%7Bt%7D%5Cend%7Barray%7D%5Cright%5D)

For the second part, we need to calculate x+d, so you can use the equation of the car to calculate x:

Answer:
d=1.25 m
Explanation:
fd=.5mv2-.5mv1; 10(d)=.5(50)(.5)-0; 10(d)=12.5; d=12.5/10; d=1.25 m
Neither energy nor matter can enter and exit an isolated system.
Explanation:
There are three types of systems which refers to universe. They are
1. Open System : In an open system, both energy and matter have external interactions. Example:- boiling water in an open pan.
2. Closed system : In a closed system, only energy has interaction with surroundings. Example:- boiling water with a lid on the pan.
3. Isolated system : In an isolated system, neither energy-nor matter has external interactions with surroundings. Example : a thermos flask does not exchange energy and matter.
Hence, the correct option is (a) " neither energy nor matter ".