Assume that we have a BS with a 6-dB antenna gain and an MS with antenna gain of 2 dB, at heights 10 m and 1.5 m, respectively,
operating in an environment where the ground plane can be treated as perfectly conducting. The lengths of the two antennas are 0.5 m and 15 cm, respectively. The BS transmits with a maximum power of 40 W and the mobile with a power of 0.1 W. The center frequency of the links (duplex) are both at 900 MHz, even if in practice they are separated by a small duplex distance (frequency difference).(a) Assuming that holds, calculate how much received power is available at the output of the receive antenna (BS antenna and MS antenna, respectively), as a function of distance d?(b) Plot the received powers for all valid distances d holds and the far field condition of the antennas is fulfilled.
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Answer:
Explanation:
Given that :
The initial volume of water = 1000.00 mL = 1000000 mm³
The initial temperature of the water = 10° C
The height of the water column h = 1000.00 mm
The final temperature of the water = 70° C
The coefficient of thermal expansion for the glass is ∝ =
The objective is to determine the the depth of the water column
In order to do that we will need to determine the volume of the water.
We obtain the data for physical properties of water at standard sea level atmospheric from pressure tables; So:
At temperature the density of the water is
At temperature the density of the water is
The mass of the water is
Thus; we can say ;
⇒
Thus, the volume of the water after heating to a required temperature of is 1022400 mm³
However; taking an integral look at this process; the volume of the water before heating can be deduced by the relation:
The area of the water before heating is:
The area of the heated water is :
Finally, the depth of the heated hot water is:
Hence the depth of the heated hot water is