Answer: W =
J
Explanation: Since the potassium ion is at the outside membrane of a cell and the potential here is lower than the potential inside the cell, the transport will need work to happen.
The work to transport an ion from a lower potential side to a higher potential side is calculated by

q is charge;
ΔV is the potential difference;
Potassium ion has +1 charge, which means:
p =
C
To determine work in joules, potential has to be in Volts, so:

Then, work is


To move a potassium ion from the exterior to the interior of the cell, it is required
J of energy.
Answer:
Electromagnets are special types of magnets that are made by passing current through coils of wire. To make an electromagnet, the minimum requirements are:
1. A nail (usually made of iron, steel or zinc)
2. Dry cell batteries
3. Wire (Usually copper wire)
Other things could be:
1. Electric tape to hold both ends of the wire properly at the battery terminals.
2. Scissors to cut the wire into desired length.
3. Iron fillings for testing purposes.
For each pair Independent variable and the dependent variable is -
a. How much gas is left in the gas tank vs. how far the car has traveled.
- Independent variable = how far the car has traveled
- dependent variable = How much gas is left in the gas tank
b. How much money you've spent vs. how much money is in your wallet.
- Independent variable = How much money you've spent
- dependent variable = how much money is in your wallet.
c. How far a toy car traveled vs. how much time went by
- Independent variable = how much time went by
- dependent variable = How far a toy car traveled
An independent variable in any experiment or research is a variable that is manipulated or changed in the experiment, this change leads to a direct effect on the dependent variable.
A dependent variable is a variable that is directly affected by the independent variable and it is the variable that is measured or tested in an experiment.
Thus,
a. How much gas is left in the gas tank vs. how far the car has traveled.
- Independent variable = how far the car has traveled
- dependent variable = How much gas is left in the gas tank
b. How much money you've spent vs. how much money is in your wallet.
- Independent variable = How much money you've spent
- dependent variable = how much money is in your wallet.
c. How far a toy car traveled vs. how much time went by
- Independent variable = how much time went by
- dependent variable = How far a toy car traveled
Learn more about dependent variables:
brainly.com/question/1670595: