The answer would be C because there is six electrons and so there will be six protons because the amount of protons and electrons have to be the same otherwise it would be an unbalanced particle and you wouldn't be able to touch the object it is in without worrying about something happening
It depends on "Potential Energy", the amount energy it could have, the amount depending on certain circumstances, like height or force. This was how traditional and some modern rollercoasters work. As the "conveyer belt" pulls you up, the higher you go, the more potential energy you have. Once you are falling down the hill, you are experiencing "Kinetic Energy". Hope it makes sence.