The only bond that involves the complete transfer of electrons is ionic bonding.
A metal that does not have much care for its electrons, such as Sodium, Na, is willing to give up its electron more freely. And an atom that really cares about having electrons might be a gas such as chlorine, Cl. The Chlorine atom takes the electron from Sodium, and then the newly formed ions of Na+ and Cl- bond because they have equal and opposite charges and opposites attract. NaCl is formed.
Hydrogen bonds aren’t actually real bonds (I know, the name is deceptive)
Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons.
I’m pretty sure metallic bonds is a made-up term.
Answer:
Its the first second and the fourth
Answer:
The volume will also decrease.
Explanation:
This illustration clearly indicates Boyle's law.
Boyle's law states that the volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature, provided the pressure remains constant. Mathematically, it is represented as:
V & T
V = KT
K = V/T
V1/T1 = V2/T2 =... = Vn/Tn
Where:
T1 and T2 are the initial and final temperature respectively, measured in Kelvin.
V1 and V2 are the initial and final volume of the gas respectively.
From the illustration above, the volume is directly proportional to the temperature. This implies that as the temperature increases, the volume will also increase and as the temperature decreases, the volume also will decrease.
Answer:
3 e⁻ transfer has occurred.
Explanation
This is a redox reaction.
- Oxidation (loss of electrons or increase in the oxidation state of entity)
- Reduction (gain of electrons or decrease in the oxidation state of the entity)
- An element undergoes oxidation or reduction in order to achieve a stable configuration. It can be an octet or duplet configuration. An octet configuration is that of outer shell configuration of noble gas.
- [Ne]= (1s²) (2s² 2p⁶)
A combination of both the reactions( Half-reactions) leads to a redox reaction.
Let us look at initial configurations of Al and Cl
[Al]= 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹
[Cl]= 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵
Hence, Al can lose 3 electrons to achieve octet config.
and, Cl can gain 1e to achieve nearest noble gas config. [Ar]
This reaction can be rewritten, by clearly mentioning the oxidation states of all the entities involved.
Al⁰ + Cl⁰ → (Al⁺³)(Cl⁻)₃
Here, Aluminum is undergoing an oxidation(i.e loss of electrons) from: 0→(+3)
Chlorine undergoes a reduction half reaction (i.e gain of electrons) from: 0→(-1). There are 3 such chlorine atoms, hence 3 e⁻ transfer has occurred.
