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Amiraneli [1.4K]
3 years ago
9

An aquifer has three different formations. Formation A has a thickness of 8.0 m and hydraulic conductivity of 25.0 m/d. Formatio

n B has a thickness of 2.0 m and a conductivity of 142 m/d. Formation C has a thickness of 34 m and a conductivity of 40 m/d. Assume that each formation is isotropic and homogeneous. Compute both the overall horizontal and vertical conductivities.
Engineering
1 answer:
saveliy_v [14]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

The horizontal conductivity is 41.9 m/d.

The vertical conductivity is 37.2 m/d.

Explanation:

Given that,

Thickness of A = 8.0 m

Conductivity = 25.0 m/d

Thickness of B = 2.0 m

Conductivity = 142 m/d

Thickness of C = 34 m

Conductivity = 40 m/d

We need to calculate the horizontal conductivity

Using formula of horizontal conductivity

K_{H}=\dfrac{H_{A}K_{A}+H_{A}K_{A}+H_{A}K_{A}}{H_{A}+H_{B}+H_{C}}

Put the value into the formula

K_{H}=\dfrac{8.0\times25+2,0\times142+34\times40}{8.0+2.0+34}

K_{H}=41.9\ m/d

We need to calculate the vertical conductivity

Using formula of vertical conductivity

K_{V}=\dfrac{H_{A}+H_{B}+H_{C}}{\dfrac{H_{A}}{K_{A}}+\dfrac{H_{B}}{K_{B}}+\dfrac{H_{C}}{K_{C}}}

Put the value into the formula

K_{V}=\dfrac{8.0+2.0+34}{\dfrac{8.0}{25}+\dfrac{2.0}{142}+\dfrac{34}{40}}

K_{V}=37.2\ m/d

Hence, The horizontal conductivity is 41.9 m/d.

The vertical conductivity is 37.2 m/d.

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Mariulka [41]

Answer and  Explanation:

Commutator are used in DC machine commutator is mainly used for the reversing the direction of the current .It is connected to the armature of the DC generator or motor

ADVANTAGE OF COMMUTATOR The main advantage of the commutator in DC motor is to keep keep the direction of the toque always in the same direction by changing the current direction

DISADVANTAGE OF COMMUTATOR : The main disadvantage is due to the friction between the commutator and brushes there is a friction loss.

3 0
3 years ago
A reciprocating compressor takes a compresses it to 5 bar. Assuming that the compression is reversible and has an index, k, of 1
Gelneren [198K]

Answer:

final temperature is 424.8 K

so correct option is e 424.8 K

Explanation:

given data

pressure p1 = 1 bar

pressure p2 = 5 bar

index k = 1.3

temperature t1 = 20°C = 293 k

to find out

final temperature  t2

solution

we have given compression is reversible and has an index k

so we can say temperature is

\frac{t2}{t1}= [\frac{p2}{p1}]^{\frac{k-1}{k} }  ...........1

put here all these value and we get t2

\frac{t2}{293}= [\frac{5}{1}]^{\frac{1.3-1}{1.3} }

t2 = 424.8

final temperature is 424.8 K

so correct option is e

5 0
3 years ago
What might cause a shotgun to explode?
Tanzania [10]

Answer:

When you pull the trigger to shoot a shotshell from a shotgun or a cartridge from a rifle or handgun, the firing pin strikes the primer in the base of the cartridge or shotshell. This causes the primer to explode. The spark from the primer ignites the gunpowder, which burns rapidly and converts to a gas.

Explanation:

3 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
.a. What size vessel holds 2 kg water at 80°C such that 70% is vapor? What are the pressure and internal energy? b. A 1.6 m3 ves
vesna_86 [32]

Answer:

Part a: The volume of vessel is 4.7680m^3 and total internal energy is 3680 kJ.

Part b: The quality of the mixture is 90.3%  or 0.903, temperature is 120 °C and total internal energy is 4660 kJ.

Explanation:

Part a:

As per given data

m=2 kg

T=80 °C =80+273=353 K

Dryness=70% vapour =0.7

<em>From the steam tables at 80 °C</em>

Specific volume of saturated vapours=v_g=3.40527 m^3/kg

Specific volume of saturated liquid=v_f=0.00102 m^3/kg

Now the relation  of total specific volume for a specific dryness value is given as

                                  v=v_f+x(v_g-v_f)

Substituting the values give

v=v_f+x(v_g-v_f)\\v=0.00102+0.7(3.40527-0.00102)\\v_f=2.38399 m^3/kg

Now the volume of vessel is given as

v=\frac{V}{m}\\V=v \times m\\V=2.38399 \times 2\\V=4.7680 m^3

So the volume of vessel is 4.7680m^3.

Similarly for T=80 and dryness ratio of 0.7 from the table of steam

Pressure=P=47.4 kPa

Specific internal energy is given as u=1840 kJ/kg

So the total internal energy is given as

u=\frac{U}{m}\\U=u \times m\\U=1840 \times 2\\U=3680 kJ

The total internal energy is 3680 kJ.

So the volume of vessel is 4.7680m^3 and total internal energy is 3680 kJ.

Part b

Volume of vessel is given as 1.6

mass is given as 2 kg

Pressure is given as 0.2 MPa or 200 kPa

Now the specific volume is given as

v=\frac{V}{m}\\v=\frac{1.6}{2}\\v=0.8 m^3/kg

So from steam tables for Pressure=200 kPa and specific volume as 0.8 gives

Temperature=T=120 °C

Quality=x=0.903 ≈ 90.3%

Specific internal energy =u=2330 kJ/kg

The total internal energy is given as

u=\frac{U}{m}\\U=u \times m\\U=2330 \times 2\\U=4660 kJ

So the quality of the mixture is 90.3%  or 0.903, temperature is 120 °C and total internal energy is 4660 kJ.

5 0
3 years ago
In an orthogonal cutting operation, the tool has a rake angle = 12°. The chip thickness before the cut = 0.32 mm and the cut yie
Snezhnost [94]

Answer:

The shear plane angle and shear strain are 28.21° and 2.155 respectively.

Explanation:

(a)

Orthogonal cutting is the cutting process in which cutting direction or cutting velocity is perpendicular to the cutting edge of the part surface.  

Given:  

Rake angle is 12°.  

Chip thickness before cut is 0.32 mm.

Chip thickness is 0.65 mm.  

Calculation:  

Step1  

Chip reduction ratio is calculated as follows:  

r=\frac{t}{t_{c}}

r=\frac{0.32}{0.65}

r = 0.4923

Step2  

Shear angle is calculated as follows:  

tan\phi=\frac{rcos\alpha}{1-rsin\alpha}

Here, \phi is shear plane angle, r is chip reduction ratio and \alpha is rake angle.  

Substitute all the values in the above equation as follows:  

tan\phi=\frac{rcos\alpha}{1-rsin\alpha}

tan\phi=\frac{0.4923cos12^{\circ}}{1-0.4923sin12^{\circ}}

tan\phi=\frac{0.48155}{0.8976}

\phi=28.21^{\circ}

Thus, the shear plane angle is 28.21°.

(b)

Step3

Shears train is calculated as follows:

\gamma=cot\phi+tan(\phi-\alpha)

\gamma=cot28.21^{\circ}+tan(28.21^{\circ}-12^{\circ})\gamma = 2.155.

Thus, the shear strain rate is 2.155.

6 0
3 years ago
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