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Vadim26 [7]
3 years ago
6

Write using about 10-15 lines for each of the six materials (metals, ceramics, glasses, polymers, composites, and semiconductors

). For each, list at least three most important properties, two drawbacks, three well-known examples, and three well-known applications.
Engineering
1 answer:
Svetradugi [14.3K]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

See Answer below- Explanation is the entire answer

Explanation:

Metals:

Properties: Ductile, good heat conductivity, good electrical conductivity, high strength;

Drawbacks: Relatively high weight, reactive with oxygen to create oxides- corrosion is presented;

Examples: steel, aluminum alloys, brass, copper, titanium

Applications: Body of the vehicles, structures in the skyscrapers, cooking pots.

Ceramics:

Properties: Brittle, poor heat conductors, poor electrical conductors, high wear resistance, corrosion resistance;

Drawbacks: Deforms by fracturing, shock resistance is low, no conductivity of electricity;

Examples: concrete, tungsten carbide, diamond

Applications: bricks for constructions, clay pots to keep heat, cutting tools for metals;

Glasses:

Properties: amorphous, transparent, high weight

Drawbacks: poor conductors of heat and electricity; brittle; low shock resistance;

Examples: Silica, lead glass, glaze;

Applications: windows, protection screens;

Polymers:

Properties: low density, recyclable, poor heat and electrical conductors, plastic deformation;

Drawbacks: low strength, low operating temperatures;

Examples: polyethylene, nylon, ABS-plastic, rubber;

Applications: toys, tires, insulation covers for the wires.

Composites:

Properties: high strength to weight ratio, can get combination of properties from the used materials, rarely conductive, good shock resistance;

Drawbacks: high cost, hard to recycle, expensive;

Examples: steel-reinforced concrete, carbon fiber, fiber glass, Nomex, sandwich roof panels;

Applications: buildings, bullet proof vests, body of the Formula 1 cars, rockets, roof panels.

Semiconductors:

Properties: brittle, change conductive behavior under certain scenario, poor heat conductors;

Drawbacks: hard to manufacture, expensive;

Examples: Silicon-based semiconductors, Germanium-based semiconductors, Ga-based semiconductors;

Applications: chips, LED, diodes, transistors, op-amps, microprocessors.

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A well insulated turbine operates at steady state. Steam enters the turbine at 4 MPa with a specific enthalpy of 3015.4 kJ/kg an
Anarel [89]

Answer:

power developed by the turbine = 6927.415 kW

Explanation:

given data

pressure = 4 MPa

specific enthalpy h1 = 3015.4 kJ/kg

velocity v1 = 10 m/s

pressure = 0.07 MPa

specific enthalpy h2 = 2431.7 kJ/kg

velocity v2 = 90 m/s

mass flow rate = 11.95 kg/s

solution

we apply here  thermodynamic equation that

energy equation that is

h1 + \frac{v1}{2}  + q = h2 + \frac{v2}{2}  + w

put here value with

turbine is insulated so q = 0

so here

3015.4 *1000 + \frac{10^2}{2}  =  2431.7 * 1000 + \frac{90^2}{2}  + w

solve we get

w = 579700 J/kg = 579.7 kJ/kg

and

W = mass flow rate × w

W = 11.95 × 579.7

W = 6927.415 kW

power developed by the turbine = 6927.415 kW

7 0
3 years ago
How high a building could fire hoses effectively spray from the ground? Fire hose pressures are around 1 MPa. (It is also said t
Mrac [35]

Answer:

z_{2} = 91.640\,m

Explanation:

The phenomenon can be modelled after the Bernoulli's Principle, in which the sum of heads related to pressure and kinetic energy on ground level is equal to the head related to gravity.

\frac{P_{1}}{\rho\cdot g} + \frac{v_{1}^{2}}{2\cdot g}= z_{2}+\frac{P_{2}}{\rho\cdot g}

The velocity of water delivered by the fire hose is:

v_{1} = \frac{(300\,\frac{gal}{min} )\cdot(\frac{3.785\times 10^{-3}\,m^{3}}{1\,gal} )\cdot(\frac{1\,min}{60\,s} )}{\frac{\pi}{4}\cdot (0.3\,m)^{2}}

v_{1} = 0.267\,\frac{m}{s}

The maximum height is cleared in the Bernoulli's equation:

z_{2}= \frac{P_{1}-P_{2}}{\rho\cdot g} + \frac{v_{1}^{2}}{2\cdot g}

z_{2}= \frac{1\times 10^{6}\,Pa-101.325\times 10^{3}\,Pa}{(1000\,\frac{kg}{m^{3}} )\cdot(9.807\,\frac{m}{s^{2}} )} + \frac{(0.267\,\frac{m}{s} )^{2}}{2\cdot (9.807\,\frac{m}{s^{2}} )}

z_{2} = 91.640\,m

7 0
3 years ago
Which reference source may be consulted to answer questions regarding the Professional Engineers Act?
9966 [12]

Answer: c. The Professional Engineers Act and Board Rules

Explanation:

The reference source may be consulted to answer questions regarding the Professional Engineers Act is the The Professional Engineers Act and Board Rules.

The Professional Engineers Act and Board Rules is an Act that was established in order to regulate the qualifications for professional engineered, register them and also make sure that their conducts and behavior are looked into.

6 0
3 years ago
Ext
Galina-37 [17]
Engineering is the technical
8 0
1 year ago
Select four geometric shapes that are commonly used by engineers in their designs.
stealth61 [152]

Answer:

Arc ,sphere ,line ,prism

Explanation:

  • Arc is used for semicircular or short term projects
  • Sphere is used for design of spherical surfaces or projects
  • Prism is used for creating buliding designs
  • Lines are especially used for creating roads, flyover design
3 0
2 years ago
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