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Vadim26 [7]
3 years ago
6

Write using about 10-15 lines for each of the six materials (metals, ceramics, glasses, polymers, composites, and semiconductors

). For each, list at least three most important properties, two drawbacks, three well-known examples, and three well-known applications.
Engineering
1 answer:
Svetradugi [14.3K]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

See Answer below- Explanation is the entire answer

Explanation:

Metals:

Properties: Ductile, good heat conductivity, good electrical conductivity, high strength;

Drawbacks: Relatively high weight, reactive with oxygen to create oxides- corrosion is presented;

Examples: steel, aluminum alloys, brass, copper, titanium

Applications: Body of the vehicles, structures in the skyscrapers, cooking pots.

Ceramics:

Properties: Brittle, poor heat conductors, poor electrical conductors, high wear resistance, corrosion resistance;

Drawbacks: Deforms by fracturing, shock resistance is low, no conductivity of electricity;

Examples: concrete, tungsten carbide, diamond

Applications: bricks for constructions, clay pots to keep heat, cutting tools for metals;

Glasses:

Properties: amorphous, transparent, high weight

Drawbacks: poor conductors of heat and electricity; brittle; low shock resistance;

Examples: Silica, lead glass, glaze;

Applications: windows, protection screens;

Polymers:

Properties: low density, recyclable, poor heat and electrical conductors, plastic deformation;

Drawbacks: low strength, low operating temperatures;

Examples: polyethylene, nylon, ABS-plastic, rubber;

Applications: toys, tires, insulation covers for the wires.

Composites:

Properties: high strength to weight ratio, can get combination of properties from the used materials, rarely conductive, good shock resistance;

Drawbacks: high cost, hard to recycle, expensive;

Examples: steel-reinforced concrete, carbon fiber, fiber glass, Nomex, sandwich roof panels;

Applications: buildings, bullet proof vests, body of the Formula 1 cars, rockets, roof panels.

Semiconductors:

Properties: brittle, change conductive behavior under certain scenario, poor heat conductors;

Drawbacks: hard to manufacture, expensive;

Examples: Silicon-based semiconductors, Germanium-based semiconductors, Ga-based semiconductors;

Applications: chips, LED, diodes, transistors, op-amps, microprocessors.

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Answer:

Option B

Explanation:

An operational amplifier usually has a high open loop gain of around 10^5 which allows a wide range get of feed back levels in order to achieve the desired performance so therefore a low open loop gain reduces the range feed back level thereby reducing the performance which can cause errors in the output voltage.

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2 years ago
Set up the following characteristic equations in the form suited to Evanss root-locus method. Give L(s), a(s), and b(s) and the
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Answer:

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Explanation:

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3 years ago
The combustion chamber has different shapes depending on the make and model of the engine. True or false
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Answer:

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Explanation:

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5 0
2 years ago
A budding electronics hobbyist wants to make a simple 1.0-nF capacitor for tuning her crystal radio, using two sheets of aluminu
bazaltina [42]

Answer:

a. 8 sheets of paper is needed between her plates to get the proper capacitance

b. Area of Aluminum Foil needed = 0.45m²

c. To keep a 1.0-nF, a larger area of Teflon is required.

Explanation:

a.

First, we need to calculate the distance between two plates.

This is given by

d = Kε0A/C

Where

K = 3

ε0 = Physical Constant = 8.854 * 10^-12 C²/Nm²

A = Area = 22 * 28 = 616cm² = 0.0616m²

C = 1.0-nF = 1 * 10^-12F

So, d = (3 * 8.854 * 10^-12 C²/Nm² * 0.0616) / (1 * 10^-12F)

d = 1.64 * 10^-3m

d = 1.64mm

Now, that the distance has been solved.

The Number of Sheets, N is given by

N = d/d,sheet where d, sheet =the sheet thickness = 0.2mm

N = 1.64/0.2

N = 8.2

N = 8 sheets --- Approximated

b.

Here, she's changed the diameter of the sheets to 12mm

Well make use of the formula in (a) above

Using d = Kε0A/C

Where

d = 12 * 10^-3m

Other constraints remain unchanged

Make A the subject of formula

A = dC/Kε0

A = (12 * 10^-3m * 1 * 10^-12F)/(3 * 8.854 * 10^-12 C²/Nm²)

A= 0.45m²

c. From (b) above

A ∝ 1/K

As the dielectric constant increase, the area decreases

The dielectric constant of a Teflon is 2.1

This means that if she used a Teflon instead, the area will be larger.

So, to keep a 1.0-nF, a larger area of Teflon is required.

7 0
3 years ago
1. Consider a city of 10 square kilometers. A macro cellular system design divides the city up into square cells of 1 square kil
kakasveta [241]

Answer:

a) n = 1000\,users, b)\Delta t_{min} = \frac{1}{30}\,h, \Delta t_{max} = \frac{\sqrt{2} }{30}\,h, \Delta t_{mean} = \frac{1 + \sqrt{2} }{60}\,h, c) n = 10000000\,users, \Delta t_{min} = \frac{1}{3000}\,h, \Delta t_{max} = \frac{\sqrt{2} }{3000}\,h, \Delta t_{mean} = \frac{1 + \sqrt{2} }{6000}\,h

Explanation:

a) The total number of users that can be accomodated in the system is:

n = \frac{10\,km^{2}}{1\,\frac{km^{2}}{cell} }\cdot (100\,\frac{users}{cell} )

n = 1000\,users

b) The length of the side of each cell is:

l = \sqrt{1\,km^{2}}

l = 1\,km

Minimum time for traversing a cell is:

\Delta t_{min} = \frac{l}{v}

\Delta t_{min} = \frac{1\,km}{30\,\frac{km}{h} }

\Delta t_{min} = \frac{1}{30}\,h

The maximum time for traversing a cell is:

\Delta t_{max} = \frac{\sqrt{2}\cdot l }{v}

\Delta t_{max} = \frac{\sqrt{2} }{30}\,h

The approximate time is giving by the average of minimum and maximum times:

\Delta t_{mean} = \frac{1+\sqrt{2} }{2}\cdot\frac{l}{v}

\Delta t_{mean} = \frac{1 + \sqrt{2} }{60}\,h

c) The total number of users that can be accomodated in the system is:

n = \frac{10\times 10^{6}\,m^{2}}{100\,m^{2}}\cdot (100\,\frac{users}{cell} )

n = 10000000\,users

The length of each side of the cell is:

l = \sqrt{100\,m^{2}}

l = 10\,m

Minimum time for traversing a cell is:

\Delta t_{min} = \frac{l}{v}

\Delta t_{min} = \frac{0.01\,km}{30\,\frac{km}{h} }

\Delta t_{min} = \frac{1}{3000}\,h

The maximum time for traversing a cell is:

\Delta t_{max} = \frac{\sqrt{2}\cdot l }{v}

\Delta t_{max} = \frac{\sqrt{2} }{3000}\,h

The approximate time is giving by the average of minimum and maximum times:

\Delta t_{mean} = \frac{1+\sqrt{2} }{2}\cdot\frac{l}{v}

\Delta t_{mean} = \frac{1 + \sqrt{2} }{6000}\,h

8 0
3 years ago
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