Introducing vehicles that are built with lighter equipment, better gearing, improved aerodynamics, and better development in driving skills.
Answer:
t = 166 years
Explanation:
In order to calculate the amount of years that electrons take to cross the complete transmission line. You first calculate the drift speed of the electrons by using the following formula:
(1)
I: current on the wire = 1,010A
n: free charge density = 8.50*10^28 electrons/m^3
A: cross-sectional area of the transmission line = π*r^2
r: radius of the cross-sectional area = 2.00cm = 0.02m
You replace the values of the parameters in the equation (1):

Next, you use the following formula:
(2)
x: length of the line transmission = 310km = 310,000m
You replace the values of vd and x in the equation (2):

Finally, you convert the obtained t to seconds

The electrons take approximately 166 years to travel trough the complete transmission line
To solve this problem we will apply the concepts related to the Doppler Effect. The Doppler effect is the change in the perceived frequency of any wave movement when the emitter, or focus of waves, and the receiver, or observer, move relative to each other.
Mathematically it can be described as

Where,
v = Speed of sound
f' = Reflected frequency
f = Emitted Frequency
= Speed of the object
Assuming that the speed of the medium is the speed of sound of 343m / s, we will then have that:


d. the surface on which the object is moving is made smoother
This is called lubrication, I think ...
b. the weight of the moving object is decreased
If there is less araea of contact because of the weight reduction ("squeezing together") then this could also have an effexct. I thinl though the thrust of the q is on lubrication = oil, talcum powder, thin films of water etc
Please put answers in the comments of actual answers, as I need them! Lots of points! 63 points