ANSWER

EXPLANATION
Parameters given:
Mass of the student, M = 70 kg
Mass of the textbook, m = 1 kg
Distance, r = 1 m
To find the gravitational force acting between the student and the textbook, apply the formula for gravitational force:

where G = gravitational constant
Therefore, the gravitational force acting between the student and the textbook is:

That is the answer.
Answer:
Action and reaction are equal but act in opposite directions
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Answer:
Fy=107.2 N
Explanation:
Conceptual analysis
For a right triangle :
sinβ = y/h formula (1)
cosβ = x/h formula (2)
x: side adjacent to the β angle
y: opposite side of the β angle
h: hypotenuse
Known data
h = T = 153.8 N : rope tension
β= 44.2°with the horizontal (x)
Problem development
We apply the formula (1) to calculate Ty : vertical component of the rope force.
sin44.2° = Ty/153.8 N
Ty = (153.8 N ) *(sen44.2°)= 107.2 N directed down
for equilibrium system
Fy= Ty=107.2 N
Fy=107.2 N upward component of the force acting on the stake