dicing potatoes, because the molecules are separated but remain the same substance
Let's eliminate these one by one.
The first pair would not be the same, as X would most likely be in group IA, and Y would be in group VIIA, because of their tendency to gain and lose electrons.
The second pair would also violate the same rule, but X would most likely be in group IIA, and Y would most likely be in group VIA.
The third pair would not be the same, as X is most likely in group VIIA, and since Y has eight valence electrons, it is most likely a noble gas.
The final pair has X with atomic number 15, making it phosphorous. Phosphorous wants to gain 3 electrons to have a full octet of 8 outer "valence" electrons, and Y would also like to gain 3 electrons. This means it is possible that the final pair would be in the same group.
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When a solute, sugar in this case, is added, the boiling point of the solution increases. Additionally, the melting point decreases.
To answer your question,
The boiling point of pure water is lower than sugar-water solution.
The melting point is higher for pure water than for sugar-water solution.
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They all take nutrients out of the soil which leaves the soil infertile