<u>Answer:</u> The net ionic equation is written below.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Net ionic equation of any reaction does not include any spectator ions.
Spectator ions are defined as the ions which does not get involved in a chemical equation. They are found on both the sides of the chemical reaction when it is present in ionic form.
The chemical equation for the reaction of ammonium carbonate and lead nitrate is given as:
![(NH_4)_2CO_3(aq.)+Pb(NO_3)_2(aq.)\rightarrow PbCO_3(s)+2NH_4NO_3(aq.)](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%28NH_4%29_2CO_3%28aq.%29%2BPb%28NO_3%29_2%28aq.%29%5Crightarrow%20PbCO_3%28s%29%2B2NH_4NO_3%28aq.%29)
Ionic form of the above equation follows:
![2NH_4^+(aq.)+CO_3^{2-}(aq.)+Pb^{2+}(aq.)+2NO_3^-(aq.)\rightarrow PbCO_3(s)+2NH_4^+(aq.)+2NO_3^-(aq.)](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=2NH_4%5E%2B%28aq.%29%2BCO_3%5E%7B2-%7D%28aq.%29%2BPb%5E%7B2%2B%7D%28aq.%29%2B2NO_3%5E-%28aq.%29%5Crightarrow%20PbCO_3%28s%29%2B2NH_4%5E%2B%28aq.%29%2B2NO_3%5E-%28aq.%29)
As, ammonium and nitrate ions are present on both the sides of the reaction. Thus, it will not be present in the net ionic equation and are spectator ions.
The net ionic equation for the above reaction follows:
![Pb^{2+}(aq.)+CO_3^{2-}(aq.)\rightarrow PbCO_3(s)](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Pb%5E%7B2%2B%7D%28aq.%29%2BCO_3%5E%7B2-%7D%28aq.%29%5Crightarrow%20PbCO_3%28s%29)
Hence, the net ionic equation is written above.
We are given with the following pairs:
<span>carbon and oxygen
hydrogen and helium
gold and silver
and we are asked if there is a pair that will produce the same spectrum. The answer is
</span>No two elements produce the same spectrum.This is because a light spectrum is unique to each element.
<span>Mendeleev realized that the physical and chemical properties of elements were related to their atomic mass in a 'periodic' way, and arranged them so that groups of elements with similar properties fell into vertical columns in his table.
</span>Mendeleev rewrote each edition of Principles of Chemistry<span>, including all new scientific data-particularly confirmations of the periodic law-and reanalyzing difficulties that had arisen to hinder its confirmation (inert gases, radioactivity, radioactive and </span>rare-earth elements<span>)
</span>he wanted to prove that he was right.
Answer:
All of the above.
Explanation:
In positive deviation from Raoult's Law occur when the vapour pressure of components is greater than what is expected value in Raoult's law.
When a solution is non ideal then it shows positive or negative deviation.
Let two solutions A and B to form non- ideal solutions.let the vapour pressure of component A is
and vapour pressure of component B is
.
= Vapour pressure of component A in pure form
= Vapour pressure of component B in pure form
=Mole fraction of component A
=Mole fraction of component B
The interaction between A- B is less than the interaction A- A and B-B interaction.Therefore, the escaping tendency of liquid molecules in mixture is greater than the escaping tendency in pure form.Hence, the vapour pressure of a mixture is greater than the initial value of vapour pressure.
,![P_B>P^0_B\cdot x_B](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=P_B%3EP%5E0_B%5Ccdot%20x_B)
Therefore, ![P_A+P_B >P^0_A\cdot x_A+P^0_B \cdot x_B](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=P_A%2BP_B%20%3EP%5E0_A%5Ccdot%20x_A%2BP%5E0_B%20%5Ccdot%20x_B)
Therefore, the enthalpy of mixing is greater than zero and change in volume is greater than zero.
Hence, option a,b,c and d are true.