Answer:
The element sodium has 12 neutrons, 11 electrons and 11 protons. The number of electrons and protons come from the element's atomic number, which is same 11. The number of neutrons can be found by subtraction of the atomic number from sodium's atomic mass of twenty three.
Explanation:
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Answer:
Explanation:
The total energy or intrinsic energy of a system is called the enthalpy. In thermochemistry, we have two types of enthalpy changes which are:
- Exothermic changes
- Endothermic changes
For the freezing of water, the enthalpy change is an exothermic one. Exothermic changes are designated as negative. In this chemical change, heat is liberated to the surroundings and this leaves the environment at a much higher temperature. In freezing, the enviroment gains more heat as the material begins to cool to lower temperature.
Entropy is the degree of randomness or disorderliness of a system. When a phase change occurs from liquid to solid, freezing takes place. Such a change increases the orderliness of a system and entropy diminishes. Here, entropy is negative.
The free energy is a measure of the energy a system that does useful work. Free energy depends on enthalpy, entropy and temperature of a system. For phase changes such as freezing of water, the value of free energy change is 0.
For this process, an increases in temperature makes it non-spontaneous. Increasing temperature would alter the course of the reaction and makes it exothermic. For entropy, increasing temperature would increase entropy and therefore, the reaction would not be feasible.
Temperature would mostly affect the free energy. An increase in temperature would increase the value of entropy change and the reaction would not be spontaneous. With falling temperature value, the reaction becomes more spontaneous and favored.
Answer:
64
Explanation:
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Answer: 0.85075J/g.K
Explanation:
Mass of the material = 100g
Energy (Q) = 5104.5J
T1 = 20°C = 293K
T2 = 80°C = 353K
Formula for heat energy (Q) = mc ∇T
Q = mc∇T
∇T = T2 - T1
∇T = 353K - 293K = 60K
Q = mc∇T
C = Q / m∇T
C = (5104.5) / (100 * 60)
C = 0.85075 J/gK
The specific heat capacity of the material is 0.85075J/gK.
To solve this problem, let us say that:
x = volume of 1:2000 drug "i" solution
y = volume of 7% drug "i" solution
Assuming volume additive, then this forms:
x + y = 120 mL
<span>x = 120 – y ---> 1</span>
1:2000 also refers to 0.0005 concentrations and 7% also
refers to 0.07 concentrations. By doing a component balance:
0.0005 x + 0.07 y = 0.035 (120 mL)
0.0005 x + 0.07 y = 4.2
Substituting equation 1 into this derived equation to get an
equation in terms of y:
0.0005 (120 – y) + 0.07 y = 4.2
0.06 – 0.0005 y + 0.07 y = 4.2
0.0695 y = 4.14
y = 59.568 mL = 59.57 mL
From equation 1, x would be:
x = 120 - 59.57
x = 60.43 mL
Answers:
59.57 mL of 1:2000 drug "i" solution
60.43 mL <span>of 7% drug "i" solution</span>
