Question

2.A fisherman in a boat is drinking hot coffee. The large lake below his boat is full of cold water. Which statement is an accurate comparison of the lake water and the coffee?(1 point)
The lake will have more total thermal energy, and the particles in the lake water will be moving faster.

The coffee will have more total thermal energy, but the particles in the lake water will be moving faster.

The lake will have more total thermal energy, but the particles in the coffee will be moving faster.

The coffee will have more total thermal energy, and the particles in the coffee will be moving faster.


3.The gallium in the image is melting in the person’s hand. Which changes will occur on a microscopic level?

(1 point)

The gallium atoms will increase in temperature.

The gallium atoms will gain kinetic energy.

The gallium atoms will gain potential energy, moving freely from each other.

The gallium atoms will be moving faster on average.

4.Which object will have particles with the highest average kinetic energy?(1 point)

an iceberg at 0°C

water at 37°C in a glass

water at 40°C in a swimming pool

a drop of water at 90°C

5. Thermal energy is transferred to a substance. Which change can occur?(1 point)

The particles can gain potential and kinetic energy.

The particles will gain potential energy, but the kinetic energy of the particles will stay the same.

The particles can gain kinetic energy, but the potential energy of the particles will stay the same.

The kinetic and potential energy of the particles will stay the same.

Answer 1

Answer:

2. The correct option is;

The coffee will have more total thermal energy, and the particles in the coffee will be moving faster

3. The correct option is;

The gallium atoms will gain kinetic energy

4. The correct option is;

A drop of water at 90°C

5. The correct option is;

The particle will gain kinetic energy, but the potential energy of the particles will stay the same

Explanation:

In a given system, the thermal energy can be presented as follows;

$E_{th}$ = Kinetic Translational Energy + Kinetic Rotational Energy + Energy due to vibration

Therefore, thermal energy within (received by) a system is represented as a kinetic energy form while the potential energy (by the law of conservation of energy) remains the same

For gases, we have;

$E_{th}$ = 3/2·N·$K_B$·T (Monoatomic gas thermal energy)

$E_{th}$ = 5/2·N·$K_B$·T (Diatomic gas thermal energy)

$E_{th}$ = 3·N·$K_B$·T (Solid in elemental form)

Where;

N = The number of molecules of the substance

$K_B$ = The Boltzmann constant