A sample of hydrogen gas occupies a volume of 4.1 Liters
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Air bags help lessen injuries in an automobile crash. --> Boyle's law
A helium balloon decreases in size when you put it into a freezer. --> Charle's law
A can of spray paint will explode if tossed into a fire --> Gay Lussac's Law
Explanation:
- Boyle's law states that for a fixed mass of an ideal gas kept at constant temperature, the pressure of the gas (p) is inversely proportional to its volume (V):
- Charle's law states that for a fixed mass of an ideal gas kept at constant pressure, the volume of the gas (V) is proportional to its absolute temperature (T):
- Gay-Lussac's Law states that for a fixed mass of an ideal gas kept at constant volume, the pressure of the gas (p) is proportional to the absolute temperature (T):
We can now use these three laws to explain the mentioned phenomena:
Air bags help lessen injuries in an automobile crash. --> Boyle's law. In fact, as the volume of the gas inside the air bag increases, the pressure exerted by the gas inside decreases, and since the temperature is constant, the pressure exerted by the airbag on the passenger will be lower.
A helium balloon decreases in size when you put it into a freezer. --> Charle's law. When the balloon is put into the freezer, its temperature decreases, and since the pressure inside the freezer is approx. constant, the volume of the balloon decreases as well.
A can of spray paint will explode if tossed into a fire --> Gay Lussac Law. Due to the fire, the temperature of the gas inside the can increases; since the volume is constant, the pressure will increase, and at some point it will be large enouth to cause the can to explode.
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The initial temperature of the water that resulted in the final temperature of the water-metal mixture is 20.7 ⁰C.
<em>"Your question is not complete, it seems to be missing the following information;"</em>
the specific heat capacity of the metal is 0.45 J/g⁰C.
The given parameters;
- <em>mass of water, </em>
<em> = 45 g</em>
- <em>final temperature of the water, </em>
<em> = 22 ⁰C</em>
- <em>mass of the metal, m = 8.5 g</em>
- <em>initial temperature of the metal, t = 82 ⁰C.</em>
- <em>specific heat capacity of the metal, c = 0.45 J/g⁰C.</em>
The initial temperature of the water will be calculated by applying the principle of conservation of energy;
<em>heat gained by water = heat lost by metal</em>
where;
<em>is the specific heat capacity of the water = 4.184 J/g⁰C.</em>
<em />
<em>Substitute the given values;</em>
45 x 4.184 x (22 - t) = 8.5 x 0.45 x (85 - 22)
4142.16 - 188.28t = 240.98
188.28t = 4142.16 - 240.98
188.28t = 3901.18
Thus, the initial temperature of the water that resulted in the final temperature of the water-metal mixture is 20.7 ⁰C.
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The volume of the solution is given below which can be calculated using the molarity formula as 2.18 litres.
<h3>Define the molarity of a solution.</h3>Molarity (M) is the amount of a substance in a certain volume of solution. Molarity is defined as the moles of a solute per litres of a solution.
Given data:
M= 0.420M
mass = 64.0 grams
Molar Mass= 74g/mol
To find:
The volume of solution=?
The calculation for a number of moles:
n=
n=
n= 0.91 moles
Molarity=
V=
V= 2.1768 litres
Thus, the volume of the solution is 2.18 litres.
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