Okay Elements can combine to created element compounds a few examples can be lets say Gold(Au) Is an example of an Iconic Compound (usually a common compound). An Element Mixture is literal a mixture Ex. Brass. Brass is usually 10% copper and 45% zinc. So in order to get Brass you must physically m<span />ix copper with zinc and the other metal (sorry i don't remember the name) Also mixtures tend to not be chemically constant, this is because it was physically mixed rather than all of the atoms be the same if they were chemically combined.
True that in the preindustrial era, settlements were more likely to be near sources of surface water than in the industrial era. The main reason being that during the preindustrial era people were dependent mostly on irrigation. For irrigation people were dependent on surface water. This was the main and basic reason.