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How many electrons fit in each shell around an atom?
The maximum number of electrons that can occupy a specific energy level can be found using the following formula:
Electron Capacity = 2n2
The variable n represents the Principal Quantum Number, the number of the energy level in question.
Energy Level
(Principal Quantum Number) Shell Letter Electron Capacity
1 K 2
2 L 8
3 M 18
4 N 32
5 O 50
6 P 72
Keep in mind that an energy level need not be completely filled before electrons begin to fill the next level. You should always use the Periodic Table of Elements to check an element's electron configuration table if you need to know exactly how many electrons are in each level.
Answer:
pH of resulting solution = 7.98
Explanation:
The balanced equation
HA + NaOH - Na+ + A- + H2O
Number of moles of A = Number of moles of HA = Number of moles of NaOH
= 35.8/1000 * 0.020 = 0.000716 mol
Initial concentration of A = 0.000716/0.0608 = 0.01178 M
pKb = 14 – pKa = 14 -3.9 = 10.1
Kb = 10^{-Kb} = 10^{-10.1} = 7.943 * 10^-11
Kb = [HA][OH-]/[A-]
Kb = a^2/(0.01178 -a) = 7.943 * 10^-11
a^2 + 7.943 * 10^-11 a – 9.357 * 10^-13 = 0
a = 9.673 * 10^-7
OH- = a = 9.673 * 10^-7 M
pOH = -log [OH-] = -log (9.673 * 10^-7) = 6.02
pH = 14-6.02 = 7.98
Polar molecules exhibit an unequal balance of charges between the individual elements of the compound. This is brought about by the large difference in their electronegativities. The H atom has the least amount of electronegativity. Then, it is a known periodic trend, that as you go downwards in a group, electronegativity decreases, and increase as you go from left to right. Thus, you can deduce that the most electronegative elements are found in the upper right corner which includes O, N and F atoms. Any bond created between Hydrogen and any of O, N and F atoms is a polar bond.
Mixture. Distilled Water may be a pure substance, however, there are many minerals and such that are in tap water, making it a mixture.
