In order to determine the density of an item, we will need to determine its mass and volume. The standard unit for measuring mass in a lab is the gram. Think about liquids- what units do you typically report the volume of a liquid in? What about for a sugar cube, what volume is the most appropriate?
A regular object like a sugar cube can be measured with a ruler so we might report the volume in centimeters cubed (cm3). An irregular object like the plate pictured below can be measured by using a technique called volume by displacement. A liquid (typically water) is placed in a graduated cylinder and the volume of a liquid is measured. Then the irregular object is placed in the liquid and the volume is measured again. The change in volume is the irregular object’s volume. This measurement is often made using a graduated cylinder and recording a volume in Liters or milliliters (mL).
Figure 1. (a) Regular object of metal blocks with the same width, length, and height. (B) An irregular
The partial atmospheric pressure (atm) of hydrogen in the mixture is 0.59 atm.
<h3>How do we calculate the partial pressure of gas?</h3>
Partial pressure of particular gas will be calculated as:
p = nP, where
- P = total pressure = 748 mmHg
- n is the mole fraction which can be calculated as:
- n = moles of gas / total moles of gas
Moles will be calculated as:
- n = W/M, where
- W = given mass
- M = molar mass
Moles of Hydrogen gas = 2.02g / 2.014g/mol = 1 mole
Moles of Chlorine gas = 35.90g / 70.9g/mol = 0.5 mole
Mole fraction of hydrogen = 1 / (1+0.5) = 0.6
Partial pressure of hydrogen = (0.6)(748) = 448.8 mmHg = 0.59 atm
Hence, required partial atmospheric pressure of hydrogen is 0.59 atm.
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Conjugate base of Propanoic acid (
is propanoate where -COOH group gets converted to -CO
. The structure of conjugate base of Propanoic acid is shown in the diagram.
The
above which 90% of the compound will be in this conjugate base form can be determined using Henderson's equation as propanoic acid is weak acid and it can form buffer solution on reaction with strong base.
=
+ log
=4.9+log
=5.85
As 90% conjugate base is present, so propanoic acid present 10%.
Answer:
1 .
2.
Explanation:
The more stable the ionic compound, the more is it lattice energy.
- The more the charge on the cation and the anion, the greater is the lattice energy.
- The less the size of the cation and the anion, the greater is the lattice energy.
Scandium oxide (
) is an oxide in which
behaves as cation and
behaves as anion.
The compounds which has higher lattice energy than scandium oxide are:
1 .
This is because the charge are same on the cation and the anion as in the case of the Scandium oxide but the size of the cation
is smaller than
. Thus, this corresponds to higher lattice energy.
2.
This is because the charge on the cation
is greater than that of
and also the size of the cation
is smaller than
. Thus, this corresponds to higher lattice energy.