The theodolite is a precision measuring device used to measure horizontal and vertical angles. It works with a combination of: (1) optical plummets, which is used to ensure that it is placed exactly vertical above; (2) internal spirit, which ensures that it is levelled to the horizon; and (3) graduated circles, one vertical and one horizontal, which is used to measure actual angles. The mounted telescope can swivel horizontally and vertically. If this is adjusted correctly, accurate measurements can be obtained.
The simplest answer would be "acceleration due to gravity."
The exact value of this acceleration changes depending on which planet your on (for example).
To solve this you must set up what is called a proportion. A proportion is a way of comparing two comparing values where one of the four values is missing. In your problem the missing value is the height of the smallest tree in the model.
To set up a proportion, you need all of your values. The easiest way to do this is to list them:
Highest tree in real life: 40ft
Highest tree in model: 10ft
Smallest tree in real life: 4ft
Smallest tree in model: x
So know you can set your proportion like this:
40/4 = 4/x
(When setting up a proportion, you always want to have the values belong to each other. For example don't put the height of the small tree in the model underneath the value of the highest tree in real life.)
So know to find what the x values equals, we need to cross multiply. And then all that's left after that is to solve for x.
40 times x = 4 times 4
40x = 16
x = 2.5
The smallest tree in the model should equal 2.5 feet.
Hope this helps! :)
I have absolutely no clue
