If your findings disproves your hypothesis then your hypothesis is probably wrong.
Answer: 1) only a salt and water
An acid and base reacts together to undergo neutralization to form salt and water.

where HCl is an acid and NaOH is a base to form salt (NaCl) and water
.
Answer: 2) The formula of the hydrogen ion is often written as
.
All acids dissociate in water to give
ions.
Answer: 3) Arrhenius acids are substances that ionizes to yield protons in aqueous solution.

Arrhenius bases are substance that ionizes to yield hydroxide ions in aqueous solution.

Answer: 4) A conjugate acid base pair transfers hydrogen ion.
Here
accepts a proton and thus act as a base and the corresponding
is its conjugate acid.
Answer: 5) Bronsted Lowry acid is a substance that donates protons. Bronsted Lowry base is a substance that accepts protons.
and 

is a acid which accepts proton and thus acts as base to form conjugate acid
.
Answer:
sp
Explanation:
Hybridization is the combination of atomic orbitals to yield equivalent hybrid orbitals of appropriate energy which can participate in bonding.
In every compound there is a central atom. The central atom is usually the least electronegative atom in the molecule. In this case the least electronegative atom in the molecule is carbon.
The bond between carbon and oxygen in CO2 is intermittent between a pure double and a pure triple bond. Hence, carbon is sp hybridized.