Answer:
p and d orbitals
Explanation:
A π bond forms when two orbitals overlap side-on.
The most common types are formed by the overlap of p orbitals (Fig. 1).
However, d orbitals can also overlap sideways with each other to form dπ-dπ bonds and with p orbitals to form dπ-pπ bonds (Fig.2).
The conversion of 2 - butanol to 2 - nitrobutane involves conversion of 2 butanol to 2 - bromobutane and subsequently to 2 - nitrobutane.
In order to convert 2 - butanol to 2 - nitrobutane, an SN2 reaction is first carried out in which 2 - butanol is converted to 2 - bromobutane. This reaction proceeds with inversion of configuration at the chiral carbon as expected.
This product is subsequently reacted with silver nitrite in ethanol to yield 2 - nitrobutane along side silver bromide. Some alkyl nitrite is also produced as a by product. The components of the mixture are separated by fractional distillation. The scheme of the reaction is shown in the image attached to this answer. This reaction is only applied to primary and secondary alkyl halides.
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