a.
Ionic bond is a bond in which there is complete transfer of valence electrons between atoms.
The atom that loses the valence electron is called the electron donor while the atom that accepts the electron is called the electron acceptor.
Ionic bond usually occurs between metals and non metals.
Ionic bond is a bond in which there is complete transfer of valence electrons between atoms.
b.
The force of attraction between Na⁺ and Cl⁻ forms the ionic bond.
- In the formation of NaCl, Na has one valence electron in its outermost shell and Cl needs one electron to complete the stable octet configuration.
- Na donates its valence electron to Cl to form the ionic bond. So, the Na atom becomes positively charged with a charge of +1 while the Cl atom becomes negatively charged with a charge of -1.
Since the atoms are now charged, the force of attraction between them forms the ionic bond.
c.
The force of attraction between Mg²⁺ and O²⁻ forms the ionic bond.
- In the formation of MgO, Mg has two valence electrons in its outermost shell and O needs two electrons to complete the stable octet configuration.
- Mg donates its two valence electron to O to form the ionic bond. So, the Mg atom becomes positively charged with a charge of +2 while the O atom becomes negatively charged with a charge of -2.
Since the atoms are now charged, the force of attraction between them forms the ionic bond.
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The concentration of a cell is generally 0.15 M (0.9 % NaCl)
As given the solution has concentration = 200mm = 0.02 M
This concentration of solution is less than the concentration of cell
Hence solution is hypotonic (less concentration) and cell will be hypertonic
I Believe the answer to your question is C.Protista and D.Animalia and B.Eubacteria
The oxidation state of iron may be 2,3 or 6 and the most common is 3 & this is our case, Fe^3+ can react with Oxygen (O2), which have fixed oxidation state (2), to form Fe2O3.
Two ions of iron and 3 ions of Oxygen with 2:3 ratio.
