Question

What kind(s) of intermolecular forces exist in the compounds given below? (a) CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3(l) dispersion forces dipole-dipole forces hydrogen bonding (c) H2CO(l) dispersion forces dipole-dipole forces hydrogen bonding (b) CH3CH2OH(l) dispersion forces dipole-dipole forces hydrogen bonding (d) O2(l) dispersion forces dipole-dipole forces hydrogen bonding

Answer 1

Answer:

(a) CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3(l)

• dispersion

(b) CH3CH2OH(l)

• Dipole-dipole interaction
• Dispersion forces
• Hydrogen bonding

(c) H2CO(l)

• Dipole-dipole
• Dispersion

(d) O2(l)

• Dispersion

Explanation:

Dispersion forces are those forces that occur between two non polar molecules.They form the weakest bonds.Here electrons of one molecule is attracted to the nucleus of the other molecule. Example are;

• Interaction of two methyl (-CH₃) group
• Interaction between nitrogen gas , N₂ molecules
• Interaction between oxygen gas ,O₂ molecules

Dipole-Dipole interaction happens when two polar molecules interact.Positive charges in one molecule is attracted to negative charge of another molecule.Examples

• Chloroform (CHCl₃)
• Ammonia (NH₃)

Hydrogen bonding are created when an hydrogen atom bonded to an electronegative atom is attracted to a another electronegative atom.Example is the hydrogen bond between oxygen atom and hydrogen is water (H₂O).