Explanation:
Elements that belong to same group contains same number of valence electrons. Hence, they tend to show similar chemical properties.
When we move across a period then number of electrons get added to the same shell. As a result, there will be no increase in size of elements.
Also, metals are the elements that belong to group 1, 2 and d-block elements are also known as metals. Metallic character of elements decreases when we move left to right in a periodic table.
As most reactive metals are placed on the left side of periodic table.
Since, size of elements increases on moving down the group. So, an element is able to easily lose its valence electrons because of less force of attraction between its nucleus and valence electrons.
As a result, there will be increase in reactivity of metals on moving down the group.
Thus, we can conclude that given sentences are as follows.
- Elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons.
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Elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells.
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Metallic elements become less reactive as you move left to right in a period.
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Metallic elements become more reactive as you move top to bottom in a group.
Answer:
It is always less than the theoretical yield
Explanation:
For many chemical reactions, the actual yield is usually less than the theoretical yield. This is due to possible loss in the process or inefficiency of the chemical reaction.
<span>B. energy
hope it helps
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Answer:
0.42%
Explanation:
<em>∵ pH = - log[H⁺].</em>
2.72 = - log[H⁺]
∴ [H⁺] = 1.905 x 10⁻³.
<em>∵ [H⁺] = √Ka.C</em>
∴ [H⁺]² = Ka.C
∴ ka = [H⁺]²/C = (1.905 x 10⁻³)²/(0.45) = 8.068 x 10⁻⁶.
<em>∵ Ka = α²C.</em>
Where, α is the degree of dissociation.
<em>∴ α = √(Ka/C) </em>= √(8.065 x 10⁻⁶/0.45) = <em>4.234 x 10⁻³.</em>
<em>∴ percentage ionization of the acid = α x 100</em> = (4.233 x 10⁻³)(100) = <em>0.4233% ≅ 0.42%.</em>
