Which discovery is considered to have led to the greatest advancements in the field of medicine?
1 answer:
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Answer: Option (d) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
According to Bronsted-Lowry, species which donate a proton are known as acid. The species which accept a proton are known as a base.
In the given reaction, acids and bases are as follows.
HI +
+
Acid Base Conjugate acid Conjugate base
Therefore, the acid HI loses a proton to form a conjugate base that is .
Thus, we can conclude that HI and is an acid conjugate base pair.
A reaction is exothermic if Δ<em>H</em> (or in some textbooks) is negative:
- H₂ + Br → 2 HBr, ΔH < 0.
- CH₄ + 2 O₂ → CO₂ + 2 H₂O, ΔH < 0.
A reaction is endothermic if Δ<em>H</em> is positive:
- 2 NH₃ → N₂ + 3 H₂, ΔH > 0.
- 2 HCl → H₂ + Cl₂ ΔH > 0.
The enthalpy of a system is the sum of its internal energy. ΔH < 0 indicates that the reactants lose internal energy in the reaction. Energy conserves, and those internal energies must have converted to some other form of energy. They typically end up as thermal energy. The reaction will release heat since it is exothermic.
Similarly, ΔH > 0 indicates that the reactants gains internal energy in the reaction. Energy conserves. As a result, the reaction must have gained energy from its surroundings. The reaction will be endothermic since it absorbs heat.
Explanation:
Assuming that moles of nitrogen present are 0.227 and moles of hydrogen are 0.681. And, initially there are 0.908 moles of gas particles.
This means that, for
moles of + moles of
= 0.908 mol
Since, 2 moles of =
= 0.454 mol
As it is known that the ideal gas equation is PV = nRT
And, as the temperature and volume were kept constant, so we can write
=
=
=
= 5.2 atm
Therefore, we can conclude that the expected pressure after the reaction was completed is 5.2 atm.