Question

2. A solvent used in cleaning is found to contain only the elements carbon, hydrogen, and chlorine. When a

Answer 1

mass of C = 0.238 g

mass of H =0.00989 g

mass of Cl = 1.05 g

Explanation:

Determine the masses of carbon, hydrogen, and chlorine in the original sample of the solvent.

First we need to calculate the molar mass of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O)

molar mass of CO₂ = molar mass of C × 1 + molar mass of O × 2

molar mass of CO₂ = 12 × 1 + 16 × 2 = 44 g/mole

molar mass of H₂O = molar mass of H × 2 + molar mass of O × 1

molar mass of H₂O = 1 × 2 + 16 × 1 = 18 g/mole

Now, to find the mass of carbon and hydrogen in the original sample of solvent, we devise the following reasoning:

if              44 g of CO₂ contains 12 g of C

then   0.872 g of CO₂ contains X g of C

X = (0.872 × 12) / 44 = 0.238 g of C

if               18 g of H₂O contains 2 g of H

then   0.089 g of H₂O contains Y g of H

Y = (0.089 × 2) / 18 = 0.00989 g of H

And now, we can find the mass of chlorine:

mass of sample = mass of C + mass of H + mass of Cl

mass of Cl = mass of sample - mass of C - mass of H

mass of Cl = 1.30 - 0.238 - 0.00989

mass of Cl = 1.05 g

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