Using only the 1h nmr spectrum of the crude nitration product, determine if the product is mostly ortho-, meta-, or para- substi
tuted. (note: jortho= ~8 hz, jmeta= ~3 hz and jpara = ~1 hz. also aromatic protons ortho to no2 or c=o groups are generally downfield.)
a.major product(s) = _______________________________
b.describe how you came to your conclusi
a.major product(s) = _______________________________
b.describe how you came to your conclusi
1 answer:
<span>The nitartion of methyl benzoate is expected to proceed as given in the equation below:
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In methyl benzoate there are 3 types of 1 H proton. The two ortho to the C=O group is a doublet at 8 ppm the 2 metal to the C=O is a multiple at 7.5 ppm and one para to the C=O is a multiplet at 7.5 ppm.
On nitration the ortho will probably show two signal one being a single with 3 proton integration and one a doublet with 1 H integration
The meta will show a highly down field singlet (coresponding to 1 proton), two unequal doublets (corresponding to 1 H each) and one multiplets (corresponding to 1H). This is the major product as seen from the 1H NMR.
The para isomer will come as two doublets which will be very close to each other there is a small signal for this set between 8.2 and 8.3 ppm.
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The gaining of electron by an atom results in the formation of anion shown by the negative charge on the atom whereas lose of electron results in the formation of cation shown by positive charge on the atom. The atom lose or gain electron to complete their octet and get stable in nature.
The chlorine atom will gain an electron and form chloride anion with one negative charge on it. The chloride ion is more stable in nature compared to the chlorine atom due to complete octet of chloride ion by gaining of electron.
Electronic configuration of chlorine atom is:
By gaining of one electron, electronic configuration of chloride ion is:
Thus, the equation that shows the formation of the chloride ion from a neutral chlorine atom is: