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riadik2000 [5.3K]
3 years ago
10

A force in the +x-direction with magnitude ????(x) = 18.0 N − (0.530 N/m)x is applied to a 6.00 kg box that is sitting on the ho

rizontal, frictionless surface of a frozen lake. ????(x) is the only horizontal force on the box. If the box is initially at rest at x = 0, what is its speed after it has traveled 14.0 m?
Physics
1 answer:
fiasKO [112]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

v_f=8.17\frac{m}{s}

Explanation:

First, we calculate the work done by this force after the box traveled 14 m, which is given by:

W=\int\limits^{x_f}_{x_0} {F(x)} \, dx \\W=\int\limits^{14}_{0} ({18N-0.530\frac{N}{m}x}) \, dx\\W=[(18N)x-(0.530\frac{N}{m})\frac{x^2}{2}]^{14}_{0}\\W=(18N)14m-(0.530\frac{N}{m})\frac{(14m)^2}{2}-(18N)0+(0.530\frac{N}{m})\frac{0^2}{2}\\W=252N\cdot m-52N\cdot m\\W=200N\cdot m

Since we have a frictionless surface, according to the the work–energy principle, the work done by all forces acting on a particle equals the change in the kinetic energy of the particle, that is:

W=\Delta K\\W=K_f-K_i\\W=\frac{mv_f^2}{2}-\frac{mv_i^2}{2}

The box is initially at rest, so v_i=0. Solving for v_f:

v_f=\sqrt{\frac{2W}{m}}\\v_f=\sqrt{\frac{2(200N\cdot m)}{6kg}}\\v_f=\sqrt{66.67\frac{m^2}{s^2}}\\v_f=8.17\frac{m}{s}

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9)a

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Explanation:

9)a. because it's told that the car is slowing down, the sum of the forces that are towards left, should be more than the ones that are towards right. if the car was gaining speed, "b" would have been correct. and if it was told that the car is moving without a change in the speed, "c" would have been correct.

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You wish to cool a 1.83 kg block of tin initially at 88.0°C to a temperature of 57.0°C by placing it in a container of kerosene
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Answer:

0.273 liters are needed to accomplish this task without boiling.

Explanation:

The minimum boiling point of kerosene is 150\,^{\circ}C. According to this question, we need to determine the minimum volume of liquid such that heat received is entirely sensible, that is, with no phase change.

If we consider a steady state process and that energy interactions with surrounding are negligible, then we get the following formula by the Principle of Energy Conservation:

\rho_{k}\cdot V_{k}\cdot c_{k}\cdot (T-T_{k,o}) = m_{t}\cdot c_{t}\cdot (T_{t,o}-T) (1)

Where:

\rho_{k} - Density of kerosene, measured in kilograms per cubic meter.

V_{k} - Volume of kerosene, measured in cubic meters.

c_{k}, c_{t} - Specific heats of the kerosene and tin, measured in joule per kilogram-Celsius.

T_{k,o}, T_{t,o} - Initial temperatures of kerosene and tin, measured in degrees Celsius.

T - Final temperatures of the kerosene-tin system, measured in degrees Celsius.

Please notice that the block of tin is cooled at the expense of the temperature of the kerosene until thermal equilibrium is reached.

From (1), we clear the volume of kerosene:

V_{k} = \frac{m_{t}\cdot c_{t}\cdot (T_{t,o}-T)}{\rho_{k}\cdot c_{k}\cdot (T-T_{k,o})}

If we know that m_{t} = 1.83\,kg, c_{t} = 218\,\frac{J}{kg\cdot ^{\circ}C}, T_{t,o} = 88\,^{\circ}C, T_{k,o} = 24.0\,^{\circ}C, T = 57\,^{\circ}C, c_{k} = 2010\,\frac{J}{kg\cdot ^{\circ}C} and \rho_{k} = 820\,\frac{kg}{m^{3}}, then the volume of the liquid needed to accomplish this task without boiling is:

V_{k} = \frac{(1.83\,kg)\cdot \left(218\,\frac{J}{kg\cdot ^{\circ}C} \right)\cdot (88\,^{\circ}C-57\,^{\circ}C)}{\left(820\,\frac{kg}{m^{3}} \right)\cdot \left(2010\,\frac{J}{kg\cdot ^{\circ}C} \right)\cdot (57\,^{\circ}C-24\,^{\circ}C)}

V_{k} = 2.273\times 10^{-4}\,m^{3}

V_{k} = 0.273\,L

0.273 liters are needed to accomplish this task without boiling.

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