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Alik [6]
2 years ago
15

2.22 (a) Briefly cite the main differences between ionic, covalent, and metallic bonding. (b) State the Pauli exclusion principl

e.
Chemistry
1 answer:
Alja [10]2 years ago
4 0

Answer: Ioniç bond is also called electrovalent bond. It involves the transfer of electrons from positively charged ions to negatively charged ions. covalent bond is a type of chemical bond that involves electrons sharing by atoms of a molecule in order to achieve a stable electronic configuration.. Metallic bond is a type of chemical bond that forms between metal atoms and it occurs when positive metal ions are attracted to a negatively charged electron that are not associated with a single atom. The differences can be seen in the definitions above.

Pauli exclusion principle states that electrons which are identical cannot have the same quantum state.

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When a student mixes 50 mL of 1.0 M HCl and 50 mL of 1.0 M NaOH in a coffee-cup calorimeter, the temperature of the resultant so
zmey [24]

Answer: 54.4 kJ/mol

Explanation:

First we have to calculate the moles of HCl and NaOH.

\text{Moles of HCl}=\text{Concentration of HCl}\times \text{Volume of solution}=1.0M\times 0.05=0.05mole

\text{Moles of NaOH}=\text{Concentration of NaOH}\times \text{Volume of solution}=1.0\times 0.05L=0.05mole

The balanced chemical reaction will be,

HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O

From the balanced reaction we conclude that,

As, 1 mole of HCl neutralizes by 1 mole of NaOH

So, 0.05 mole of HCl neutralizes by 0.05 mole of NaOH

Thus, the number of neutralized moles = 0.05 mole

Now we have to calculate the mass of water:

As we know that the density of water is 1 g/ml. So, the mass of water will be:

The volume of water = 50ml+50ml=100ml

\text{Mass of water}=\text{Density of water}\times \text{Volume of water}=1g/ml\times 100ml=100g

Now we have to calculate the heat absorbed during the reaction.

q=m\times c\times (T_{final}-T_{initial})

where,

q = heat absorbed = ?

c = specific heat of water = 4.18J/g^oC

m = mass of water = 100 g

T_{final} = final temperature of water = 27.5^0C

T_{initial} = initial temperature of metal = 21.0^0C

Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get:

q=100g\times 4.18J/g^oC\times (27.5-21.0)^0C

q=2719.6J=2.72kJ

Thus, the heat released during the neutralization = 2.72 KJ

Now we have to calculate the enthalpy of neutralization per mole of HCl:

0.05 moles of HCl releases heat = 2.72 KJ

1 mole of HCl releases heat =\frac{2.72}{0.05}\times 1=54.4KJ

Thus the enthalpy change for the reaction in kJ per mol of HCl is 54.4 kJ

6 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Select all of the items that are true about a sample of water vapor at 101°C as it cools.
Dvinal [7]
<h3><u>Answer;</u></h3>

A) Its temperature will fall continuously until it condensed into a liquid.

<h3><u>Explanation</u>;</h3>
  • <em><u>Steam or water vapor is the gaseous state of liquid water.  When water vapor above a temperature of 100 degrees Celsius is cooled, the temperature falls continuously, and it undergoes condensation at a temperature of 100 degrees Celsius and turns into liquid water.</u></em>
  • The change of state from gaseous to liquid state occurs as a result of latent heat of vaporization that the water vapor carries.
4 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
In one of his experiments, Lavoisier placed 10.0 grams of mercury (II) oxide into a sealed container and heated it. The mercury
inysia [295]

Oxygen gas produced : 0.7 g

<h3>Further explanation</h3>

Given

10.0 grams HgO

9.3 grams Hg

Required

Oxygen gas produced

Solution

Reaction⇒Decomposition

2HgO(s)⇒2Hg(l)+O₂(g)

Conservation of mass applies to a closed system, where the masses before and after the reaction are the same

mass of reactants = mass of products

mass  HgO = mass Hg + mass O₂

10 g = 9.3 g + mass O₂

mass O₂ = 0.7 g

4 0
3 years ago
A hydrocarbon contains 85.7% carbon and the remainder
Viefleur [7K]

Answer:

CH₂ ;  67.1 %

Explanation:

To determine the empirical formula we need to find what the mole ratio is in whole numbers of the atoms in the compound. To do that we will first need the atomic weights of C and H and then perform our calculation

Assume 100 grams of the compound.

# mol C = 85.7 g / 12.01 g/mol = 7.14 mol

# mol H = 14.3 g /  1.008 g/mol = 14.19 mol

The proportion is 14.9 mol H/ 7.14 mol C = 2 mol H/ 1 mol C

So the empirical formula is CH₂

For the second part we will need to first calculate the theoretical yield for the 12.03 g NaBH₄  reacted and then calculate the percent yield given the 0.295 g B₂H₆ produced.

We need to calculate the moles of  NaBH₄ ( M.W = 37.83 g/mol )

1.203 g  NaBH₄ / 37.83 g/mol =  0.0318 mol

Theoretical yield from balanced chemical equation:

0.0318 mol NaBH₄ x 1 mol B₂H₆ / mol NaBH₄ = 0.0159 mol B₂H₆

Theoretical mass yield B₂H₆ = 0.0159 mol x 27.66 g/ mol =  0.440 g

% yield = 0.295 g/ 0.440 g x 100 = 67.1 %

6 0
3 years ago
1. How many molecules are found in 13.7 moles of CuNO3? <br><br> Please explain step by step
Gennadij [26K]

Answer:

1 moles

Explanation:

The answer is 0.0011897028836018. We assume you are converting between moles CuNo3 and gram. You can view more details on each measurement unit: molecular weight of CuNo3 or grams The SI base unit for amount of substance is the mole. 1 mole is equal to 1 moles CuNo3, or 840.546 grams.

7 0
3 years ago
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