Non-valence electrons: 1s22s22p6. Therefore, we write the electron configuration for Na: 1s22s22p63s1. What is the highest principal quantum number that you see in sodium's electron configuration? It's n = 3, so all electrons with n = 3 are valence electrons, and all electrons with n < 3 are non-valence electrons.
Use the Heat formula for both problems.
q=m*c*∆t
Where
q= heat in Joules
m= mass in grams
c= specific heat which is a constant 4.18
∆t= change in temperature
They have low boiling points
