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kirill115 [55]
3 years ago
15

A. 8.15 b. 8.13 c. 8.23 d. 8.135

Chemistry
2 answers:
snow_tiger [21]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

The answer is a) 8.15

Explanation:

Hi, when going to inform a volume from a graduated test tube it's important to read the medition at the bottom point of the valley form by the liquid (by effect of the capillarity).

<u>If not, that will lead to wrong medition.</u>

Also, each line between the 9 and the 8 represents 0.1 ml, so the medition is higher than 8.1 and lower than 8.2.

Due to the human eye precision and the degree of graduation of the tube it's not correct to asume specific values such as 0.13 or 0.135, becuase you can never know.

In conclusion, if the medition falls between to lines, it's correct to inform the half point.

For example, between:

  • 8.1 and 8.2 → 8.15
  • 7.4 and 7.5 →7.45
  • 5.8 and 5.7 → 5.75

ahrayia [7]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

the answer is c

Explanation:

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The glow emitted by a substance exposed to eternal radiation is called
wolverine [178]
The glow emitted by a substance exposed to external radiation is called 'fluorescence'. In fluorescence, a fluorophore is exposed to external radiation, absorbs the energy and emits a form of light or glow. The answer to this question is 'fluorescence'. I hope this helps.
3 0
3 years ago
At what temperature, would the volume of a gas
PtichkaEL [24]

Explanation:

P1V1 = nRT1

P2V2 = nRT2

Divide one by the other:

P1V1/P2V2 = nRT1/nRT2

From which:

P1V1/P2V2 = T1/T2

(Or P1V1 = P2V2 under isothermal conditions)

Inverting and isolating T2 (final temp)

(P2V2/P1V1)T1 = T2 (Temp in K).

Now P1/P2 = 1

V1/V2 = 1/2

T1 = 273 K, the initial temp.

Therefore, inserting these values into above:

2 x 273 K = T2 = 546 K, or 273 C.

Thus, increasing the temperature to 273 C from 0C doubles its volume, assuming ideal gas behaviour. This result could have been inferred from the fact that the the volume vs temperature line above the boiling temperature of the gas would theoretically have passed through the origin (0 K) which means that a doubling of temperature at any temperature above the bp of the gas, doubles the volume.

From the ideal gas equation:

V = nRT/P or at constant pressure:

V = kT where the constant k = nR/P. Therefore, theoretically, at 0 K the volume is zero. Of course, in practice that would not happen since a very small percentage of the volume would be taken up by the solidified gas.

8 0
2 years ago
One question please help!
Agata [3.3K]
<span>1 trial : you have nothing to compare the result with - you don't know if it's a mistake.
2 trials : you can compare results - if very different, one may have gone wrong, but which one?
3 trials : if 2 results are close and 3rd far away, 3rd probably unreliable and can be rejected.

******************************

First calculate the enthalpy of fusion. M, C and m,c = mass and specific heat of calorimeter and water; n, L = mass and heat of fusion of ice; T = temperature fall.

L = (mc+MC)T/n.

c=4.18 J/gK. I assume calorimeter was copper, so C=0.385 J/gK.

1. M = 409g, m = 45g. T = 22c, n = 14g
L = (45*4.18+409*0.385)*22/14 = 543.0 J/g.

2. M = 409g, m = 49g, T = 20c, n = 13g
L = (49*4.18+409*0.385)*20/13 = 557.4 J/g.

3. M = 409g, m = 54g, T = 20c, n = 14g
L = (54*4.18+409*0.385)*20/14 = 547.4 J/g.

(i) Estimate error in L from spread of 3 results.
Average L = 549.3 J/g.
average of squared differences (variance) = (6.236^2+8.095^2+1.859^2)/3 = 35.96
standard deviation = 5.9964
standard error = SD/(N-1) = 5.9964/2 = 3 J/g approx.

% error = 3/547 x 100% = 0.5%.

(ii) Estimate error in L from accuracy of measurements:
error in masses = +/-0.5g
error in T = +/-0.5c

For Trial 3
M = 409g, error = 0.5g
m = 463-409, error = sqrt(0.5^2+0.5^2) = 0.5*sqrt(2)
n =(516-463)-(448-409)=14, error = 0.5*sqrt(4) = 1.0g
K = (mc+MC)=383, error = sqrt[2*(0.5*4.18)^2+(0.5*0.385)^2] = 2.962

L = K*T/n
% errors are
K: 3/383 x 100% = 0.77
T: 0.5/20 x 100% = 2.5
n: 1.0/14 x 100% = 7.14

% errors in K and T are << error in n, so we can ignore them.
% error in L = same as in n = 7% x 547.4 = 40 (always round final error to 1 sig fig).

*************************************

The result is (i) L= 549 +/- 3 J/g or (ii) L = 550 +/- 40 J/g.
Both are very far above accepted figure of 334 J/g, so there is at least one systematic error in the experiment or the calculations.
eg calorimeter may not be copper, so C is not 0.385 J/gK. (If it was polystyrene, which absorbs/ transmits little heat, the effective value of C would be very low, reducing L.)
Using +/- 40 is probably best (more cautious).
However, the spread in the actual results is much smaller; try to explain this discrepancy - eg
* measurements were "fiddled" to get better results; other Trials were made but only best 3 were chosen.
* measurements were more accurate than I assumed (eg masses to nearest 0.1g but rounded to 1g when written down).

Other sources of error:
L=(mc+MC)T/n is too high, so n (ice melted) may be too small, or T (temp fall) too high - why?
* it is suspicious that all final temperatures were 0c - was this actually measured or just guessed? a higher final temp would reduce L.
* we have assumed initial and final temperature of ice was 0c, it may actually have been colder, so less ice would melt - this could explain small values of n
* some water might have been left in container when unmelted ice was weighed (eg clinging to ice) - again this could explain small n;
* poor insulation - heat gained from surroundings, melting more ice, increasing n - but this would reduce measured L below 334 J/g not increase it.
* calorimeter still cold from last trial when next one started, not given time to reach same temperature as water - this would reduce n.
Hope This Helps :)
</span>
3 0
3 years ago
True or false.<br> A bond between a metal atom and a nonmetal atom is likely an iconic bond
vlada-n [284]
It is true...obviously

5 0
3 years ago
No links
lukranit [14]

From the calculations, the heat that is required is 2.1 kJ.

<h3>What is the specific heat capacity?</h3>

The term specific heat capacity has to do with the amount of heat that must be supplied to 1Kg of a substance in order to raise its temperature by 1K.

In this case;

H = mcdT

H = 100 grams  * 4.18 J/gC * (25 - 20)

H = 2.1 kJ

Learn more abut specific heat capacity:brainly.com/question/1747943

#SPJ1

7 0
2 years ago
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