The characteristics of the α and β particles allow to find the design of an experiment to measure the ²³⁴Th particles is:
-
On a screen, measure the emission as a function of distance and when the value reaches a constant, there is the beta particle emission from ²³⁴Th.
- The neutrons cannot be detected in this experiment because they have no electrical charge.
In Rutherford's experiment, the positive particles directed to the gold film were measured on a phosphorescent screen that with each arriving particle a luminous point is seen.
The particles in this experiment are α particles that have two positive charge and two no charged is a helium nucleus.
The test that can be carried out is to place a small ours of Thorium in front of a phosphorescent screen and see if it has flashes, with the amount of them we can determine the amount of particle emitted per unit of time.
Thorium has several isotopes, with different rates and types of emission:
- ²³²Th emits α particles, it is the most abundant 99.9%
- ²³⁴Th emits β particles, exists in small traces.
In this case they indicate that the material used is ²³⁴Th, which emits β particles that are electrons, the detection of these particles is more difficult since it has one negative charge, it has much lower mass, but they can travel further than the particles α, therefore, for what type of isotope we have, we can start measuring at a small distance and increase the distance until the reading is constant. At this point all the particles that arrive are β, which correspond to ²³⁴Th.
Neutron detection is much more difficult since these particles have no charge and therefore do not interact with electrons and no flashing on the screen is varied.
In conclusion with the characteristics of the α and β particles we can find the design of an experiment to measure the ²³⁴Th particles is:
-
On a screen, measure the emission as a function of distance and when the value reaches a constant, there is the β particle emission from ²³⁴Th.
- The neutrons cannot be detected in this experiment because they have no electrical charge.
Learn more about radioactive emission here: brainly.com/question/15176980
Answer:
it means positive and negative charges are equal.
Explanation:
An atom consist of electron, protons and neutrons. Protons and neutrons are present with in nucleus while the electrons are present out side the nucleus.
All these three subatomic particles construct an atom. A neutral atom have equal number of proton and electron. In other words we can say that negative and positive charges are equal in magnitude and cancel the each other. For example if neutral atom has 6 protons than it must have 6 electrons. The sum of neutrons and protons is the mass number of an atom while the number of protons are number of electrons is the atomic number of an atom.
when a neutral atom loses a electron positive charge is created because number of protons are positive charge becomes greater than negative charge.
X → X⁺ + e⁻
When a neutral atom accept the electron negative charge is created because negative charge is become greater than positive charge.
X + e⁻ → X⁻
Answer:
See attachment.
Explanation:
Mono-substituted cyclohexanes are more stable with their substituents in an equatorial position. However, with poly-substituted cyclohexanes, the situation is more complex since the steric effects of all substituents have to be taken into account. In this case, you can see that <u>the interconversion is shifted towards the conformation in the bottom because there is less tension between the substituents</u>.
Answer:
pure water, pH = 7.0 (Neutral)
lake water, pH = 6.5 (Acidic)
baking soda solution, pH = 9 (Alkaline)
soapy water, pH = 12 (Alkaline)
Explanation:
The degree of acidicity or alkalinity of a solution can be determined on a pH meter. A pH below 7 is acidic; a pH of 7 is neutral; a pH value of above 7 is alkaline.
The change directly from solid to gas is called sublimation
