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Artemon [7]
3 years ago
9

Alternate freezing and thawing often leads to ______.

Physics
2 answers:
Evgen [1.6K]3 years ago
8 0
Alternate freezing and thawing often leads to :
A. Creep
this occurrence usually occurs when the soils in that specific region is subjected to the temperature below 0 Celcius

hope this helps
WITCHER [35]3 years ago
7 0

The answer from the given options is "A. Creep".


Alternate freezing and thawing often leads to "creep".


Creep refers to the low mass development of soil and soil material down slants, driven fundamentally by gravity yet facilitated by immersion with water and by substitute freezing and thawing. Generally not distinguishable with the exception of through expanded perception.

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About 29.5

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Which electromagnetic wave has the lowest frequencies (less than 3×109 hertz)?
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Answer:

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Radio waves are the electromagnetic waves with lowest frequency, their frequency is lower than 300 GHz (3\cdot 10^{11} Hz) and therefore they are the electromagnetic waves with lowest energy (in fact, the energy of an electromagnetic wave is proportional to its frequency). They are generally used for radio and telecommunications since this type of waves can travel up to long distances.

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3 years ago
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Consider an optical cavity of length 40 cm. Assume the refractive index is 1, and use the formula for Icavity vs wavelength to p
Bad White [126]

Answer:

Diode Lasers  

Consider a InGaAsP-InP laser diode which has an optical cavity of length 250  

microns. The peak radiation is at 1550 nm and the refractive index of InGaAsP is  

4. The optical gain bandwidth (as measured between half intensity points) will  

normally depend on the pumping current (diode current) but for this problem  

assume that it is 2 nm.  

(a) What is the mode integer m of the peak radiation?  

(b) What is the separation between the modes of the cavity? Please express your  

answer as Δλ.  

(c) How many modes are within the gain band of the laser?  

(d) What is the reflection coefficient and reflectance at the ends of the optical  

cavity (faces of the InGaAsP crystal)?  

(e) The beam divergence full angles are 20° in y-direction and 5° in x-direction  

respectively. Estimate the x and y dimensions of the laser cavity. (Assume the  

beam is a Gaussian beam with the waist located at the output. And the beam  

waist size is approximately the x-y dimensions of the cavity.)  

Solution:  

(a) The wavelength λ of a cavity mode and length L are related by  

n

mL

2

λ = , where m is the mode number, and n is the refractive index.  

So the mode integer of the peak radiation is  

1290

1055.1

10250422

6

6

= ×

××× == −

−

λ

nL

m .  

(b) The mode spacing is given by nL

c f 2

=Δ . As

λ

c f = , λ

λ

Δ−=Δ 2

c f .  

Therefore, we have nm

nL f

c

20.1

)10250(42

)1055.1(

2 || 6

2 2 26

= ×××

× ==Δ=Δ −

− λλ λ .  

(c) Since the optical gain bandwidth is 2nm and the mode spacing is 1.2nm, the  

bandwidth could fit in two possible modes.  

For mode integer of 1290, nm

m

nL 39.1550

1290

10250422 6

= ××× ==

−

λ

Take m = 1291, nm

m

nL 18.1549

1291

10250422 6

= ××× ==

−

λ

Or take m = 1289, nm

m

nL 59.1551

1289

10250422 6

= ××× ==

−

λ .

Explanation:

8 0
3 years ago
A small object carrying a charge of -4.00 nC is acted upon by a downward force of 24.0 nN when placed at a certain point in an e
PIT_PIT [208]

Answer:

E  = -6 \  N/C

Generally given that the electric field is negative it mean that its direction is opposite to that of the force    

Explanation:

From the question we are told that

   The charge on the small object is Q = -4.00 \ nC =  -4.00 *10^{-9} \  C

   The force is  F  =  24  \ nN  =  24 *10^{-9} \  N

    Generally the magnitude of the electric  field is mathematically represented as

       E  =  \frac{F}{Q}

=>    E  =  \frac{ 24 *10^{-9}} {-4 *10^{-9 }}

=>     E  = -6 \  N/C

Generally given that the electric field is negative it mean that its direction is opposite to that of the force    

 

6 0
3 years ago
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