The aqueous hydroxide-promoted reaction of the compound with 2,2-dimethylpropanal (pivalaldehyde) at elevated temperature gives
only one product. Write the mechanism of the reaction and the structure of the final product. Would you mix hydroxide with the ketone and then add the aldehyde, or would you mix hydroxide with the aldehyde and then add the ketone?
1 answer:
Answer:
The mechanism of this reaction i shown on the second uploaded image
The final product of the reaction is shown on the third uploaded image
The hydroxide would be first mixed with the ketone group before the aldehyde is added
Explanation:
The compound given in the question is 2,2-dimethylpropanal (pivalaldehyde) the structural formula is shown on the first uploaded image
looking at the structurally formula we can see that the hydroxide promoted reaction of this compound would be between the ketone and aldehyde functional group present in this compound in the presence of a hydroxide
Now this process of the reaction is this
The is first made to react with the ketone group
Then the aldehyde is added
What happens is that that the would search for an acidic proton because it is a base and this acidic proton is present in ketone and absent in aldehyde group hence the reason for the first reaction with the ketone group before the aldehyde is added
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<u>Answer:</u> The theoretical yield of solid lead comes out to be 5.408 grams.
<u>Explanation:</u>
To calculate the moles, we use the following equation:
- <u>Moles of Lead nitrate:</u>
Given mass of lead nitrate = 8.65 grams
Molar mass of lead nitrate = 331.2 g/mol
Putting values in above equation, we get:
- <u>Moles of Aluminium:</u>
Given mass of aluminium = 2.5 grams
Molar mass of aluminium = 27 g/mol
Putting values in above equation, we get:
For the given chemical reaction, the equation follows:
By Stoichiometry:
3 moles of lead nitrate reacts with 2 moles of aluminium
So, 0.0261 moles of lead nitrate are produced by = of aluminium.
As, the required amount of aluminium is less than the given amount. Hence, it is considered as the excess reagent.
Lead nitrate is considered as a limiting reagent because it limits the formation of product.
By Stoichiometry of the reaction:
3 moles of lead nitrate are produces 3 moles of lead metal.
So, 0.0261 moles of lead nitrate will produce = of lead metal.
- Now, to calculate the grams or theoretical yield of lead metal, we put in the mole's equation, we get:
Molar mass of lead = 207.2 g/mol
Putting values in above equation, we get:
Mass of lead = 5.408 grams
Hence, the theoretical yield of solid lead comes out to be 5.408 grams.