Answer:
The temperature is 
Explanation:
From the question ewe are told that
The rate of heat transferred is 
The surface area is 
The emissivity of its surface is 
Generally, the rate of heat transfer is mathematically represented as

=> ![T = \sqrt[4]{\frac{P}{e* \sigma } }](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=T%20%20%3D%20%20%5Csqrt%5B4%5D%7B%5Cfrac%7BP%7D%7Be%2A%20%5Csigma%20%7D%20%7D)
where
is the Boltzmann constant with value 
substituting value
![T = \sqrt[4]{\frac{13.1}{ 0.287* 5.67 *10^{-8} } }](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=T%20%20%3D%20%20%5Csqrt%5B4%5D%7B%5Cfrac%7B13.1%7D%7B%200.287%2A%205.67%20%2A10%5E%7B-8%7D%20%7D%20%7D)

What is your question exactly? I'm confused?
Explanation:
First we will convert the given mass from lb to kg as follows.
157 lb = 
= 71.215 kg
Now, mass of caffeine required for a person of that mass at the LD50 is as follows.

= 12818.7 mg
Convert the % of (w/w) into % (w/v) as follows.
0.65% (w/w) = 
= 
= 
Therefore, calculate the volume which contains the amount of caffeine as follows.
12818.7 mg = 12.8187 g = 
= 1972 ml
Thus, we can conclude that 1972 ml of the drink would be required to reach an LD50 of 180 mg/kg body mass if the person weighed 157 lb.
Given
initial position = Xi= 19.9m
Final position Xf = 5.4m
Average velocity= Va = -0.418m/s
it shows displacement is reverse.
To find t=?
As Va = (Xf- Xi) / t
t = (Xf-Xi) / ( Va)
t = ( 5.4-19.9) / (-0.418)
t = (-14.5 ) / (-0.418) (-ve sign cancel out at numerator and denominator)
t =34.69 s