Answer:
See answer
Explanation:
The area of the circular loop is given by:

The magnetic flux is given by:

is parallel to
and
is constant in magnitude and direction therefore:

Part A)
initially the flux is 
after the interval
the flux is

now, the EMF is defined as:
,
if we consider
very small then we can re-write it as:

then:
![\epsilon =- \frac{-0.12}{0.0024} = 50 [V]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cepsilon%20%3D-%20%5Cfrac%7B-0.12%7D%7B0.0024%7D%20%3D%2050%20%5BV%5D)
Part B)
When looked down from above, the current flows counter clockwise, according to the right hand rule, if you place your thumb upwards (the direction of the magnetic field) and close your fingers, then the current will flow in the direction of your fingers.
Explanation:
(a)
Critical angle is the angle at the angle of refraction is 90°. After the critical angle, no refraction takes place.
Using Snell's law as:
Where,
is the angle of incidence
is the angle of refraction = 90°
is the refractive index of the refraction medium
is the refractive index of the incidence medium
Thus,
The formula for the calculation of critical angle is:
Where,
is the critical angle
(b)
No it cannot occur. It only occur when the light ray bends away from the normal which means that when it travels from denser to rarer medium.
Answer: A proton is a positively charged particle located in the nucleus of an atom.
C. Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity. So at the top of the path, while the velocity is zero, the CONSTANT GRAVITATIONAL ACCELERATION is about 10 m/s^2 (9.8)